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Table 1 Subgroup analyses of unadjusted mortality in hospitalized patients receiving AAT

From: Appropriate initial antibiotic therapy in hospitalized patients with gram-negative infections: systematic review and meta-analysis

Characteristics

Subgroups

N Studies

Unadjusted OR

Results: 95 % CI

I 2

Cochran Q

p-value

Main analysis

All patients

39

0.38

0.30, 0.47

64.9 %

<0.001

Non-Acinetobacter

Excluding Acinetobacter spp studies

24

0.46

0.34, 0.60

61.4 %

<0.001

Mortality outcome time point

14-day

12

0.40

0.29, 0.55

44 %

0.05

30-day

21

0.35

0.25, 0.48

68.5 %

<0.001

In-hospital (time NR)

8

0.51

0.30, 0.85

70.6 %

0.001

Pathogen

Acinetobacter

15

0.29

0.21, 0.39

51.9 %

0.01

Gram-negative

6

0.27

0.13, 0.53

81.1 %

<0.001

ESBL E. coli

4

0.66

0.35, 1.22

18.7 %

0.30

Klebsiella

3

1.00

0.57, 1.78

16.6 %

0.30

pseudomonas

11

0.41

0.29, 0.60

45.0 %

0.05

Pathogen and source of infection

ESBL BSI

6

0.71

0.38, 1.31

48.1 %

0.086

Klebsiella BSI

2

0.74

0.37, 1.46

0.0 %

0.453

A Pneumonia

2

0.24

0.14, 0.40

0.0 %

0.466

A BSI

13

0.30

0.21, 0.43

57.4 %

0.005

P. pneumonia

2

0.58

0.18, 1.89

77.4 %

0.036

P BSI

9

0.38

0.26, 0.56

35.6 %

0.133

Gram-negative BSI

4

0.33

0.16, 0.70

83.7 %

<.0001

Gram-negative pneumonia

1

0.09

0.03, 0.30

NA

NA

ICU-related infections by included subjects

≤50%

12

0.413

0.30, 0.57

40.5 %

<0.001

>50%

23

0.38

0.27, 0.53

68.9 %

0.07

Not reported

4

0.27

0.11, 0.67

83.2 %

<0.001

AAT timeliness with regard to initial culture

≤24 h

11

0.50

0.35, 0.71

50.1 %

0.024

≤48 h

9

0.40

0.22, 0.72

78.8 %

<0.001

≤72 h

7

0.29

0.22, 0.39

0.0 %

0.73

Timeliness NR

10

0.32

0.20, 0.52

66.2 %

0.001

Definitions of AAT

Timeliness and susceptibility

26

0.37

0.28, 0.49

68.3 %

<0.001

Timeliness alone

3

0.56

0.25, 1.23

35.4 %

0.213

Susceptibility alone

8

0.36

0.23, 0.55

50.0 %

0.051

Not reported

2

0.31

0.03, 3.61

90.1 %

0.001

  1. A Acinetobacter, AAT Appropriate initial antibacterial therapy, BSI Blood stream infection, CI Confidence Interval, E.coli Escherichia coli, ESBL Extended spectrum beta-lactamase, hr hour, ICU Intensive care unit, OR Odds ratio, P Pseudomonas, N Number, NR Not reported