Effect of early and current Helicobacter pylori infection on the risk of anaemia in 6.5-year-old Ethiopian children

Table 3 Associations between anaemia at age 6.5 years and H. pylori infection at the age of three, 5, and 6.5 years, Butajira birth cohort study, Ethiopia

	Anaemia at age 6.5 years^a
Variables	N	Yes N (%)	No N (%)	Crude OR (95 % CI)	P-value	Adjusted OR^c (95 % CI)	P-value
Exposure to *H. pylori* at age 3
No	300	102 (34.0)	198 (66.0)	1		1
Yes	212	77 (36.3)	135 (67.7)	1.12 (0.76-1.60)	0.58	1.16 (0.79-1.71)	0.44
Exposure to *H. pylori* at age 5
No	406	124 (30.5)	282 (69.5)	1		1
Yes	323	128 (39.6)	195 (60.4)	1.49 (1.09-2.02)	0.01	1.52 (1.11-2.08)	0.01
Exposure to *H. pylori* at age 6.5
No	666	230 (34.5)	436 (65.5)	1		1
Yes	73	27 (37.0)	46 (63.0)	1.11 (0.67-1.83)	0.67	1.15 (0.69-1.93)	0.59
Exposure to *H. pylori* up to age 6.5 ^b
Never infected	309	88 (28.5)	221 (71.5)	1		1
Infected at any age up to age 6.5	430	169 (39.3)	261 (60.7)	1.62 (1.19-2.23)	0.01	1.68 (1.22-2.32)	0.01

^aAanemia was defined according to WHO haemoglobin cutoffs: < 11.5 g/dL for children 5–11 years
^bH pylori infection at any age from 3 to 6.5 years
^cAdjusted for, child’s gender, area of residence, maternal education, history of vaccination at 2 months, vitamin A supplementation at 1 year, sanitary condition, source of water and child’s height at age 6.5

ISSN: 1471-2334