Fig. 1

Study profile. ^§LAM testing is not indicated for HIV uninfected patients. ^#The 19 patients with refusing HIV testing and hence with unknown HIV status are included with HIV-infected patients for the evaluation of LAM performance and potential impact on TB-related morbidity given that this would occur in routine clinical practice. ^¶ Clinical TB includes any culture-negative patient given anti-tuberculosis treatment (at any point during the 6 month study period) based on either a sputum-positive Xpert MTB/RIF (n = 14) or smear microscopy (n = 11) result, a Chest x-ray suggestive of TB (n = 96) or clinical suspicion alone (n = 6). ^*1 Smear-positive culture-negative patient did not receive anti-TB treatment and is thus not considered as “Clinical TB diagnosed and treated”. Results of LAM are provided in italics because they were not used for treatment decisions