Skip to main content

Table 1 Patient characteristics and plasma chemokine and cytokine levels

From: Cytokine responses and correlations thereof with clinical profiles in children with enterovirus 71 infections

Characteristic

Normal controls

EV71-infected patients

Mildly ill

Severely ill

Critically ill

Number

15

16

25

12

Age (months)

36 (17–54)

34 (12–66)

29 (11–74)

26 (9–42)

Male/female (n)

9:6

9:7

16:9

8:4

Temperature at admission (°C)

37.3 (36.8-39.5)

39.1 (38.0-41.0)b

39.2 (38.5-41.7) b,

WBC counts in blood (109/L)

8.9(3.5-14.1)

10.7(4.3-17.8)b

16.5(7.2-41.0) b,c

IL-1β in pla. (log pg/ml)

0 (und.-0.54)

0 (und.-0.48)

0.93 (und.-1.86) a,b

0.78 (und.-1.69) a,b

IL-6 in pla. (log pg/ml)

0 (und.)

0 (und.-0.75)

0.89 (und.-1.62) a,b

1.36(0.67.-1.93) a,b,c

TNF-α in pla. (log pg/ml)

0 (und.)

0 (und.)

0 (und.-0.66)

0 (und.-0.87)

IL-10 in pla. (log pg/ml)

0 (und.)

0 (und.-1.22)

0 (und.-1.61)

1.12 (und.-2.51) a,b,c

IL-8 in pla. (log pg/ml)

0.76 (und.-1.47)

0.87 (und.-1.64)

0.91 (und.-1.77)

1.67 (0.79-2.62) a,b,c

IP-10 in pla. (log pg/ml)

2.25 (1.79-2.83)

2.44 (1.62-3.13)

2.67 (2.21-3.09)

2.59 (2.00-3.17)

MCP-1 in pla. (log pg/ml)

1.47 (1.15-2.33)

1.39 (1.09-2.08)

1.51 (1.28-2.11)

1.78 (1.30-2.73)

MIG in pla. (log pg/ml)

2.39 (1.71-2.62)

2.55 (1.66-2.75)

2.21 (1.31-2.81)

2.67 (1.73-2.95)

RANTES in pla. (log pg/ml)

4.11 (3.07-4.55)

4.17 (3.38-4.60)

4.27 (3.52-4.71)

4.19 (1.95-4.52)

  1. Data are shown as medians (with ranges). Thus, the levels of cytokines and chemokines are shown as median log10 pg/ml (again, with ranges). a. The plasma levels of chemokines and cytokines in EV71-infected patients were higher than in healthy controls (P < 0.05). b. Significant differences (P < 0.05) in such concentrations were evident between the mildly ill group and other groups. c. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were also noted between the critically and severely ill groups. Cytokine and chemokine levels below the detection limits were defined to be 100 pg/ml, to allow statistical analysis. Und: undetermined; pla: plasma