From: Psychological distress and its relationship with non-adherence to TB treatment: a multicentre study
 | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
 | Crude estimate (95 % CI) | P-value | Adjusted estimate (95 % CI) | P-value |
Demographic and clinical characteristics | ||||
Age | 0.002 (−0.007, 0.010) | 0.7101 | −0.013 (−0.022, −0.003) | 0.0097 |
Male | 0.357 (0.156, 0.557) | 0.0005 | 0.263 (0.040, 0.486) | 0.0208 |
Previously had TB | 0.349 (0.124, 0.574) | 0.0024 | −0.228 (−0.491, 0.0353) | 0.0901 |
HIV-infected | −0.365 (−0.568, −0.162) | 0.0005 | 0.406 (0.163, 0.6493) | 0.0011 |
TBscore | 0.212 (0.157, 0.266) | <0.0001 | Â | Â |
Allocation arm Xpert MTB/RIF | 0.059 (−0.142, 0.261) | 0.5607 | - | - |
Culture-confirmed TB | 0.368 (0.128, 0.607) | 0.0027 | 0.587 (0.323, 0.850) | <0.0001 |
K-10 score | −0.045 (−0.056, −0.031) | <0.0001 | 0.041 (0.024, 0.057) | <0.0001 |
Substance use | ||||
Tobacco smoker | 0.340 (0.127, 0.554) | 0.0018 | - | - |
Alcohol consumption | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Never | 0.00 (reference) | N/A | - | - |
 Social | 0.088 (−0.151, 0.327) | 0.4722 | - | - |
 Regular | 0.264 (0.000, 0.527) | 0.0501 | - | - |
 Heavy | 1.346 (0.816, 1.876) | <0.0001 | - | - |
Educational characteristics | ||||
Educational level | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 None | 1.711 (0.742, 2.679) | 0.0006 | - | - |
 Primary school | 1.075 (0.216, 1.933) | 0.0143 | - | - |
 Middle school | 0.703 (−0.147, 1.552) | 0.1052 | - | - |
 High School | 0.718 (−0.137, 1.572) | 0.1002 | - | - |
 Intermediate or post-high school diploma | 0.404 (−0.492, 1.299) | 0.3771 | - | - |
 Graduate or post-graduate | 0.00 (reference) | N/A |  |  |
TB health literacy score | 0.0450 (0.011, 0.079) | 0.0102 | - | - |
Economic characteristics | ||||
Unemployed or retired | −0.087 (−0.293, 0.120) | 0.4105 | - | - |
Personal monthly income | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Tier 1 | 0.271 (−0.578, 1.119) | 0.53181 | - | - |
 Tier 2 | 0.354 (−0.503, 1.211) | 0.4180 | - | - |
 Tier 3 | −0.066 (−0.977, 0.846) | 0.8879 | - | - |
 Tier 4 | 0.00 (reference) | N/A | - | - |
Household monthly income | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Tier 1 | 0.948 (0.427, 1.469) | 0.0004 | - | - |
 Tier 2 | 0.749 (0.230, 1.269) | 0.0048 | - | - |
 Tier 3 | 0.282 (−0.292, 0.855) | 0.3360 | - | - |
 Tier 4 | 0.00 (reference) | N/A | - | - |
Sites | - | - | ||
 Cape Town | 0.322 (0.060, 0.585) | 0.01635 | −1.306 (−1.691, −0.921) | <0.0001 |
 Harare | −0.926 (−1.198, −0.655) | <0.0001 | −0.471 (−0.883, −0.059) | 0.0253 |
 Lusaka | 2.415 (2.091, 2.740) | <0.0001 | −2.393 (−2.822, −1.965) | <0.0001 |
 Mbeya | 0.5904 (0.202, 0.979) | 0.0030 | 0.367 (−0.226, 0.960) | 0.2259 |
 Durban | 0.00 (reference) | N/A | 0.00 (reference) | N/A |