Table 2 Unadjusted and adjusted baseline associates of psychological distress (K-10 score) at recruitment
From: Psychological distress and its relationship with non-adherence to TB treatment: a multicentre study
| Â | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Crude estimate (95 % CI) | P-value | Adjusted estimate (95 % CI) | P-value |
Demographic and clinical characteristics | ||||
Age | 0.045 (0.010. 0.083) | 0.0132 | 0.031 (−0.003, 0.064) | 0.0702 |
Male | −2.499 (−3.371, −1.627) | <0.0001 | −1.447 (−2.278, −0.617) | 0.0007 |
Previously had TB | −0.541 (−1.561, 0.479) | 0.2987 | 0.980 (0.094, 1.866) | 0.0304 |
HIV-infected | 3.059 (2.172, 3.946) | <0.0001 | 0.061 (−0.763, 0.885) | 0.8844 |
TBscore | 0.698 (0.481, 0.914) | <0.0001 | 1.000 (0.802, 1.199) | <0.0001 |
Allocation arm Xpert MTB/RIF | −0.245 (−1.118, 0.628) | 0.5824 | - | - |
Culture-confirmed TB | −0.450 (−1.468, 0.568) | 0.3866 | - | - |
Substance use | ||||
Tobacco smoker | −3.123 (−4.078, −2.169) | <0.0001 | - | - |
Alcohol consumption | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Never | 1.00 (reference) | N/A | 1.00 (reference) | N/A |
 Social | −3.124 (−4.203, −2.045) | <0.0001 | −0.599 (−1.592, 0.395) | 0.2378 |
 Regular | −2.061 (−3.212, −0.910) | 0.0005 | −0.001 (−1.041, 1.039) | 0.9991 |
 Heavy | −1.362 (−3.496, 0.773) | 0.2115 | 3.082 (1.256,4.907) | 0.0010 |
Educational characteristics | ||||
Educational level | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 None | −6.496 (−10.722, −2.251) | 0.0027 | −1.667 (−5.155, 1.82) | 0.3489 |
 Primary school | −3.751 (−7.664, 0.160) | 0.0604 | 0.420 (−2.771, 3.610) | 0.7966 |
 Middle school | −5.224 (−9.140, −1.308) | 0.0090 | −0.528 (−3.762, 2.707) | 0.7492 |
 High School | −4.792 (−8.700, −0.884) | 0.0164 | −0.324 (−3.508, 2.860) | 0.8418 |
 Intermediate or post-high school diploma | −3.5906 (−7.674, 0.493) | 0.0850 | 0.988 (−2.378, 4.354) | 0.5651 |
 Graduate or post-graduate | 0.00 (reference) | N/A | 0.00 (reference) | N/A |
TB health literacy score | −0.409 (−0.551, −0.267) | <0.0001 | - | - |
Economic characteristics | ||||
Unemployed or retired | 2.877 (2.012, 3.742) | <0.0001 | - | - |
Personal monthly income | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Tier 1 | 1.578 (−1.982, 5.139) | 0.3850 | - | - |
 Tier 2 | −1.291 (−4.879, 2.296) | 0.4806 | - | - |
 Tier 3 | −0.804 (−4.637, 3.028) | 0.6809 | - | - |
 Tier 4 | 0.00 (reference) | N/A | - | - |
Household monthly income | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Tier 1 | −1.802 (−4.187, 0.583) | 0.1389 | - | - |
 Tier 2 | −2.352 (−4.718, 0.015) | 0.0516 | - | - |
 Tier 3 | −2.066 (−4.676, 0.543) | 0.1209 | - | - |
 Tier 4 | 0.00 (reference) | N/A | - | - |
Sites | ||||
 Cape Town | 0.565 (−0.637, 1.767) | 0.3569 | 1.525 (0.142, 2.907) | 0.0309 |
 Harare | 10.648 (9.440, 11.856) | <0.0001 | 11.070 (9.802, 12.340) | <0.0001 |
 Lusaka | −0.636 (−1.845, 0.574) | 0.3031 | −1.281 (−2.623, 0.061) | 0.0616 |
 Mbeya | 8.423 (6.603, 10.243) | <0.0001 | 6.923 (4.9945, 8.911) | <0.0001 |
 Durban | 0.00 (reference) | N/A | 0.00 (reference) | N/A |