Table 1 Demographic characteristics and comorbidity of the sample included in the study (N = 210 cases)
The characteristic | Identified value |
|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | |
Median age [years (IQR)] | 68 (57–77) |
Female gender [n (%)] | 110 (52.38) |
Urban area [n (%)] | 146 (69.52) |
County of residence Timiş [n (%)] | 181 (86.20) |
County of residence Caraş-Severin [n (%)] | 10 (4.76) |
County of residence Hunedoara [n (%)] | 5 (2.38) |
County of residence Arad [n (%)] | 1 (0.47) |
Other counties [n (%)] | 13 (6.19) |
Clinical and evolutive features | |
Nosocomial infection with CD [n (%)] | 204 (97.14) |
Community infection with CD [n (%)] | 6 (2.86) |
Patients cured [n (%)] | 162 (77.14) |
Patients deceased in the hospital [n (%)] | 40 (19.05) |
Patients deceased later, at home [n (%)] | 5 (2.38) |
Transferred patients [n (%)] | 3 (1.43) |
Relapses [n (%)] | 42 (20) |
Median of the no.of days of hospitalization for CDAD [days (IQR)] | 10 (7–13) |
Median no. of days between the first CDAD episode and the recurrence of symptoms [days (IQR)]* | 14 (7–21) |
Median no. of leucocytes [cells/μl (IQR)] | 10040 (7210–14800) |
Leukocytosis ≥ 16.000 cells/μl [n (%)] | 44 (20.95) |
Hypoalbuminemia <3,5 g/dL [n (%)] | 166 (79.05) |
Fever > 37.5°C [n (%)] | 51 (24.49) |
Median ATLAS score (IQR) | 3 (2–4) |
Mild clinical form [n (%)] | 7 (3.33) |
Moderate clinical form [n (%)] | 153 (72.86) |
Sever clinical form [n (%)] | 50 (23.81) |
Comorbidities | |
Median Charlson comorbidity index score (IQR) | 2.5 (1–4) |
Median Charlson comorbidity Index score adjusted for age (IQR) | 5 (1–5) |
Malignancy [n (%)] | 44 (20.95) |
Colorectal cancer [n (%)] | 5 (2.38) |
Diabetes mellitus [n (%)] | 48 (22.86) |
Renal disease [n (%)] | 47 (22.38) |
Chronic renal failure [n (%)] | 35 (16.67) |
Chronic heart disease [n (%)] | 111 (52.86) |
Peripheral vascular disease [n (%)] | 40 (19.05) |
Dementia [n (%)] | 10 (4.76) |
Cerebrovascular disease [n (%)] | 55 (26.19) |
Chronic pulmonary pathology [n (%)] | 38 (18.09) |
Moderate/severe liver pathology [n (%)] | 26 (12.38) |
Ulcerous disease [n (%)] | 23 (10.95) |
Inflammatory bowel disease [n (%)] | 5 (2.38) |
Haematological pathology [n (%)] | 6 (2.86) |
Concomitant infections [n (%)] | 59 (28.09) |
Risk factors for CDAD in the past 2 months | |
Chemotherapy [n (%)] | 14 (6.67) |
Radiotherapy [n (%)] | 7 (3.33) |
Corticotherapy [n (%)] | 15 (7.14) |
Dialysis [n (%)] | 7 (3.33) |
Surgery [n (%)] | 97 (46.19) |
Gastro-intestinal/abdominal surgery [n (%)] | 43 (20.48) |
Enteral feeding [n (%)] | 4 (1.90) |
Parenteral feeding [n (%)] | 22 (10.48) |
Prior antibiotic treatment [n (%)] | 145 (69.05) |
Intestinal motility inhibitors after CDAD onset [n (%)] | 20 (9.52) |
Proton pump inhibitors after CDAD onset [n (%)] | 22 (10.48) |
Other antacids after CDAD onset [n (%)] | 65 (30.95) |
Antibiotic use after CDAD diagnosis (other than for CDAD) [n (%)] | 32 (15.24) |
Median no. of days of antibiotherapy after onset of episode (other than the treatment for CDAD) [days (IQR)] | 0 (0–0) |
Median no. of antibiotics after onset of episode (other than the treatment for CDAD [no. (IQR)] | 0 (0–0) |
Treatment for CDAD | |
Metronidazole [n (%)] | 42 (20) |
Vancomycin [n (%)] | 58 (27.62) |
Vancomycin + Metronidazole [n (%)] | 99 (47.14) |
Rifaximin - α (alone or in combination) [n (%)] | 9 (4.28) |
Death before initiating the therapy [n (%)] | 2 (0.95) |