Table 3 Pharmacokinetic parameters of isoniazid and rifampicin at standard and revised dosage
From: Pharmacokinetics of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol in Indian children
Parameter | Isoniazid | Rifampicin | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | Standard dose, n = 64 | Revised dose, n = 63 | p value | Standard dose, n = 64 | Revised dose, n = 63 | p value |
Dose, mg/kg, mean (SD) | 5.6 (0.5) | 11.4 (0.8) | <0.0001 | 11.2 (1.0) | 15.2 (1.1) | <0.0001 |
2-hour concentration, μg/mL | 0.4 (0.2, 0.8) | 2.0 (1.2, 3.7) | <0.0001 | 8.8 (5.4, 11.9) | 9.9 (5.4, 19.9) | 0.06 |
C max , μg/mL | 0.7 (0.3, 1.2) | 3.4 (1.8, 5.0) | <0.0001 | 10.4 (7.2, 13.9) | 12.0 (6.1, 24.3) | 0.08 |
T max , hour | 1 (1, 2) | 1 (1, 2) | 0.6 | 1.5 (1, 2) | 2 (2, 3) | 0.004 |
AUC 0–4 , μg/mL*hr | 1.5 (0.8, 2.6) | 7.0 (4.4, 11.9) | <0.0001 | 28.0 (19.3, 35.5) | 30.5 (17.1, 58.9) | 0.2 |
Low 2-hr concentration*, n (%) | 59 (95.2) | 43 (68.3) | <0.001 | 27 (43.5) | 26 (41.3) | 0.79 |