Table 2 Prevalence of T. pallidum antibody and active syphilis infection by demographics and donation history
From: Demographic determinants of syphilis seroprevalence among U.S. blood donors, 2011–2012
T. pallidumseropositivity — confirmed reactive treponemal tests | Active infections — ≥ 1.8 dilution qRPR titer | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First time donors | Repeat donors | First time vs. repeat donors | All donors | ||||
Category | Prevalence per 100,000 (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | Prevalence per 100,000 (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | Prevalence per 100,000 (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) |
Overall | 162.6 (145.5-181.2) | - | 17.9 (14.7-21.7) | - | 9.1 (7.3-11.3) | 6.9 (5.2-9.0) | - |
Sex | |||||||
Male | 162.7 (138.1-190.4) | 1.0 | 20.1 (15.4-25.9) | 1.0 | 10.4 (7.5-14.4) | 9.9 (7.1-13.5) | 1.0 |
Female | 162.6 (139.3-188.6) | 1.0 (0.8-1.2) | 15.8 (11.6-20.9) | 1.3 (0.9-1.9) | 8.1 (6.0-10.9) | 3.8 (2.1-6.3) | 2.1 (1.5-3.1) |
Birthplace | |||||||
USA | 152.1 (134.0-172.0) | 1.0 | 15.4 (12.1-19.2) | 1.0 | 9.9 (7.7-12.8) | 6.3 (4.6-8.6) | 1.0 |
Non-USA | 360.1 (276.2-461.4) | 2.4 (1.8-3.1) | 45.9 (26.7-73.4) | 3.0 (1.8-5.1) | 7.9 (4.6-13.5) | 11.1 (4.1-24.1) | 1.7 (0.7-4.1) |
Missing | 68.7 (35.5-119.9) | 0.5 (0.3-0.8) | 21.8 (11.9-36.4) | 1.4 (0.8-2.5) | 3.2 (1.5-6.9) | 8.5 (3.4-17.6) | 1.3 (0.6-3.0) |
Race/Ethnicity | |||||||
Caucasian | 63.0 (48.7-80.3) | 1.0 | 6.6 (4.3-9.7) | 1.0 | 9.5 (6.0-15.0) | 2.4 (1.3-4.2) | 1.0 |
African American | 1183.7 (994.7-1397.8) | 19.0 (14.1-25.6) | 199.5 (139.7-276.0) | 30.1 (18.2-49.9) | 6.0 (4.2-8.7) | 57.4 (33.4-91.9) | 23.7 (11.3-49.6) |
Hispanic | 188.1 (150.9-231.6) | 3.0 (2.2-4.1) | 35.5 (24.9-49.2) | 5.4 (3.2-8.9) | 5.3 (3.6-7.8) | 16.9 (10.9-24.9) | 7.0 (3.5-13.8) |
Asian | 75.2 (24.4-175.5) | 1.2 (0.5-3.0) | 6.8 (0.2-37.7) | 1.0 (0.1-7.5) | 11.1 (1.3-95.2) | 0 (0.0-17.2) | 0 (−) |
Native American | 118.5 (32.3-303.2) | 1.9 (0.7-5.2) | 15.7 (0.4-87.3) | 2.4 (0.3-17.4) | 7.6 (0.8-67.8) | 0 (0.0-37.8) | 0 (−) |
Other | 113.3 (48.9-223.1) | 1.8 (0.9-3.7) | 6.7 (0.2-37.1) | 1.0 (0.1-7.4) | 17.0 (2.1-136.3) | 4.5 (0.1-25.2) | 1.9 (0.2-14.4) |
Unknown | 92.6 (58.0-140.1) | 1.5 (0.9-2.4) | 12.2 (4.5-26.7) | 1.8 (0.8-4.5) | 7.6 (3.1-18.7) | 0 (0.0-5.1) | 0 (−) |
Age | |||||||
16-19 | 16.3 (8.67-27.9) | 1.0 | 8.6 (3.5-17.7) | 1.0 | 1.9 (0.8-4.8) | 7.4 (3.9-13.0) | 1.0 |
20-29 | 116.5 (88.2-150.9) | 7.2 (3.9-13.1) | 29.3 (20.3-41.0) | 3.4 (1.5-7.7) | 4.0 (2.6-6.1) | 16.4 (10.8-23.8) | 2.2 (1.1-4.3) |
30-39 | 225.8 (172.7-289.9) | 13.9 (7.6-25.3) | 19.4 (11.3-31.2) | 2.3 (0.9-5.5) | 11.6 (6.8 (19.9) | 6.1 (2.5-12.6) | 0.8 (0.3-2.1) |
40-49 | 497.1 (405.9-602.5) | 30.7 (17.2-54.7) | 27.5 (18.1-40.0) | 3.2 (1.4-7.3) | 18.2 (11.9-27.8) | 5.9 (2.4-12.1) | 0.8 (0.3-2.0) |
50+ | 368.1 (297.9-449.8) | 22.7 (12.7-40.5) | 10.3 (6.5-15.6) | 1.2 (0.5-2.8) | 35.9 (22.6-57.1) | 0.8 (0.1-3.0) | 0.1 (0.0-1.2) |
x2 trend p < 0.0001 | x2 trend p = 0.1635 | x2 trend p < 0.0001 | |||||
Education | |||||||
< High school | 79.7 (59.3-104.7) | 1.0 | 19.0 (10.9-30.9) | 1.0 | 4.2 (2.4-7.4) | 10.8 (6.2-17.5) | 1.0 |
High school | 427.4 (347.8-519.5) | 5.4 (3.8-7.5) | 20.3 (11.8-32.5) | 1.1 (0.5-2.1) | 21.2 (12.7-35.4) | 9.3 (4.5-17.2) | 0.9 (0.4-1.9) |
Some college | 184.7 (151.3-223.4) | 2,3 (1,7-3.2) | 24.3 (18.1-31.9) | 1.3 (0.7-2.2) | 7.6 (5.5-10.7) | 8.6 (5.5-12.9) | 0.8 (0.4-1.5) |
BS/BA | 159.4 (110.4-222.7) | 2.0 (1.3-3.1) | 9.2 (4.4-16.9) | 0.5 (0.2-1.1) | 17.4 (8.6-35.1) | 3.1 (0.8-7.9) | 0.3 (0.1-0.8) |
MS/PhD | 100.6 (71.3-152.8) | 1.3 (0.8-2.1) | 7.9 (2.1-20.1) | 0.4 (0.1-1.2) | 12.8 (3.9-41.7) | 1.7 (0.04-9.3) | 0.2 (0.0-1.2) |
Missing | 106.4 (71.3-152.8) | 1.3 (0.8-2.1) | 15.3 (7.0-29.1) | 0.8 (0.4-1.8) | 7.0 (3.3-14.7) | 1.2 (0.03-6.5) | 0.1 (0.0-0.8) |
x2 trend p = 0.6597 | x2 trend p = 0.0581 | x2 trend p = 0.0003 | |||||
Donor history | |||||||
First time | 15.8 (10.8-22.3) | 1.0 | |||||
Repeat | 3.9 (2.4-5.8) | 4.1 (2.4-7.0) | |||||