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Table 3 Univariate logistic models of poor ART adherence among children and teenagers in Ifakara, Tanzania (n = 116)

From: Determinants of antiretroviral adherence among HIV positive children and teenagers in rural Tanzania: a mixed methods study

 

Univariate analysis

 

Variable

OR

95% CI

P-Value

Sex

   

 Female

0.88

0.39-1.96

0.748

Age-School

   

 Pre-school age 2-5 yrs

1

  

 >6 yrs never been to school

2.39

0.69-8.28

0.170

 Primary school age and in primary

1.41

0.45-4.45

0.560

 Secondary school age but in primary

1.38

0.42-4.5

0.591

 Secondary school age and in secondary

1.41

0.29-6.9

0.674

Baseline CD4 + cell count

   

 Below 350 cells/mm3

1

  

 Above 350 cells/mm3

0.79

0.35-1.77

0.561

Age specific immunosuppression

   

 Not Immunosuppressed

1

  

 Immunosuppressed

1.17

0.46-3.08

0.746

Duration under ART

   

 0-2 years

1

  

 >2 years

0.88

0.38-1.96

0.735

WHO stage

   

 Stage I & II

1

  

 Stage III & IV

0.98

0.37-2.61

0.966

Visited Traditional Healer for HIV cure*

   

 No

1

  

 Yes

0.76

0.25-2.28

0.623

Pill burden

   

 1 pill

1

  

 2-3 pills

0.90

0.41-2.0

0.803

Disclosure of HIV status

   

 Yes

1

  

 No

0.61

0.26-1.41

0.246

Joined any HIV support group

   

 No

1

  

 Yes

2.0

0.75-5.27

0.166

Adherence assistance

   

 Parents

1

  

 Non-parental adherence assistants

1.54

0.69-3.41

0.288

Knows that treatment is lifelong

   

 No

1

  

 Yes

1.65

0.71-3.84

0.246

Socio-economic status

   

 Low

1

  

 Median

1.02

0.32-3.3

0.970

 High

1.62

0.64-4.08

0.310

Parental status

   

 Both Parents

1

  

 Single parent

2.29

0.75-6.98

0.200

 Non-parental caretaker

2.84

1.04-7.77

0.042

  1. *Visited a healer who claimed to have a cure for HIV/AIDS; Poor adherence = less than 80%;optimal adherence = 80% or more; Immune-suppressed if CD4 < 500 for children aged <6 years and if CD4 < 350 for children aged 6 years and above; WHO = World Health Organization; yrs = years; CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio.