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Table 2 Summary of characteristics of participants by adherence categories

From: Determinants of antiretroviral adherence among HIV positive children and teenagers in rural Tanzania: a mixed methods study

 

Optimal

Suboptimal

P-Value

Variables

n

%

n

%

 

Sex

     

 Male

46

69

21

31

 

 Female

35

71

14

29

0.75

Age-school

     

 Pre-school age 2-5 yrs

23

77

7

23

 

 >6 yrs never been to school

11

58

8

42

 

 Primary school age and in primary

21

70

9

30

 

 Secondary school but in primary

19

70

8

30

 

 Secondary school age and in secondary

7

70

3

30

0.74

Baseline CD4 + cell count

     

 Below 350 cells/mm3

33

66

17

34

 

 Above 350cells/mm3

42

71

17

29

 

 Missing

6

86

1

14

0.54

Age specific immunosuppression

     

 Not Immunosuppressed

61

70

26

30

 

 Immunosuppressed

16

67

8

33

 

 Missing

4

80

1

20

0.83

Duration under ART

     

 0-2 yrs

30

65

16

35

 

 >2 yrs

41

68

19

32

 

 Missing

10

100

0

0

0.09

Parental status

     

 Both parent

32

82

7

18

 

 Single parent

20

67

10

33

 

 Non-parental caretaker

29

62

18

38

0.11

Knows that treatment is lifelong

     

 Yes

57

70

24

30

 

 No

24

69

11

31

0.85

Disclosure of HIV status

     

 Yes

25

64

14

36

 

 No

53

75

18

25

 

 Missing

3

50

3

50

0.29

Adherence assistance

     

 Parents

48

74

17

26

 

 Non-parental adherence assistants

33

65

18

35

0.29

Visited traditional healer for HIV cure*

     

 Yes

15

75

5

25

 

 No

66

69

29

31

 

 Missing

0

0

1

100

0.28

Pill burden

     

 1 pill

35

69

16

31

 

 2-3 pills

46

71

19

29

0.80

Joined any HIV support group

     

 Yes

12

57

9

43

 

 No

69

73

26

27

0.16

WHO clinical staging

     

 Stage I & II

20

65

11

35

 

 Stage III & IV

26

65

14

35

 

 Missing

35

78

10

22

0.33

Socioeconomic status

     

 Low

30

73

11

27

 

 Median

16

73

6

27

 

 High

27

63

16

37

 

 Missing

8

80

2

20

0.61

  1. Poor adherence = less than 80%;optimal adherence = 80% or more; WHO = World Health Organization;yrs = years; * visited a healer who claimed to have a cure for HIV/AIDS; Immune-suppressed if CD4 < 500 cells/mm3 for children aged <6 years and if CD4 < 350 cells/mm3 for children aged 6 years and above;% = Row percentages; p = Chi2 P-value.