| |
Unadjusted
|
Adjusted*
| |
|---|
|
Characteristic
|
HR (95% CI)
|
HR (95% CI)
|
P
value (in adjusted analysis)
|
|---|
|
Sex
|
|
Female
|
1 (Reference)
|
1 (Reference)
| |
|
Male
|
1.12 (1.00–1.24)
|
1.08 (0.96–1.20)
|
0.20
|
|
Age
|
|
<50 years
|
1 (Reference)
|
1 (Reference)
| |
|
50-64 years
|
1.02 (0.90–1.16)
|
0.87 (0.76–1.00)
|
0.06
|
|
≥65 years
|
1.09 (0.96–1.25)
|
0.87 (0.75–1.00)
|
0.06
|
|
Diabetes mellitus
|
|
No
|
1 (Reference)
|
1 (Reference)
| |
|
Yes
|
1.33 (1.18–1.50)
|
1.05 (0.91–1.22)
|
0.52
|
|
m-CCI
|
|
Low
|
1 (Reference)
|
1 (Reference)
| |
|
Moderate
|
1.33 (1.15–1.54)
|
1.20 (1.03–1.40)
|
0.02
|
|
High
|
1.86 (1.62–2.14)
|
1.61 (1.37–1.91)
|
<0.001
|
|
Calendar period
|
|
1992–1996
|
1 (Reference)
|
1 (Reference)
| |
|
1997–2001
|
0.92 (0.80–1.06)
|
0.86 (0.75–0.98)
|
0.03
|
|
2002–2006
|
0.81 (0.70–0.93)
|
0.72 (0.62–0.83)
|
<0.001
|
|
2007–2009
|
0.78 (0.64–0.94)
|
0.69 (0.57–0.84)
|
<0.001
|
|
Cause of ESRD
|
|
Glomerulonephritis
|
1 (Reference)
|
1 (Reference)
| |
|
Diabetes mellitus
|
1.55 (1.29–1.86)
|
1.77 (0.95–1.45)
|
0.13
|
|
CIN
|
1.05 (0.84–1.31)
|
0.98 (0.78–1.22)
|
0.85
|
|
Hypertensive kidney
|
1.24 (1.04–1.48)
|
1.15 (0.96–1.38)
|
0.12
|
|
Polycystic kidney
|
0.55 (0.41–0.74)
|
0.54 (0.40–0.72)
|
<0.001
|
|
Vasculitis
|
1.42 (1.06–1.90)
|
1.25 (0.92–1.68)
|
0.15
|
|
Other
|
1.19 (0.94–1.52)
|
1.09 (0.85–1.40)
|
0.50
|
|
Renal replacement therapy
|
|
Transplantation
|
1 (Reference)
|
1 (Reference)
| |
|
Hemodialysis
|
3.95 (3.34–4.68)
|
5.41 (4.13–7.09)
|
<0.001
|
|
Peritoneal dialysis
|
0.58 (0.51–0.65)
|
2.07 (1.46–2.95)
|
<0.001
|
- *Adjusted for sex, age, diabetes, modified Charlson Comorbidity Index, calendar period, cause of ESRD, and renal replacement therapy. m-CCI score categories low = 0-1, moderate = 2-3, and high > 3. HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; m-CCI: modified Charlson Comorbidity Index; ESRD: end-stage renal disease.
