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Table 2 Hazard Ratios for AIDS and Death for those ever on ART (Adjusted ++ and Unadjusted)

From: HIV treatment outcomes among people who inject drugs in Victoria, Australia

  

AIDS

Death

  

Unadjusted

Adjusted

Unadjusted

Adjusted

  

HR

CI 95

P

HR

CI 95

P

HR

CI 95

P

HR

CI 95

P

Risk group

Non injecting drug use

Ref

  

Ref

  

Ref

  

Ref

  
 

Injecting drug use

0.70

0.39 -1.27

0.242

0.98

0.54 - 1.79

0.944

0.49

0.12 - 2.04

0.328

0.76

0.17 - 3.3

0.709

 

Heterosexual

Ref

  

Ref

  

Ref

  

Ref

  
 

MSM

1.24

0.83 -1.86

0.299

1.07

0.7 - 1.63

0.750

1.81

0.71 - 4.59

0.215

1.28

0.48 - 3.42

0.625

Age at diagnosis (years)

< 25

Ref

  

Ref

  

Ref

  

Ref

  
 

25 - 34

1.04

0.68 – 1.58

0.872

1.81

1.04 - 3.15

0.035*

0.84

0.37 – 1.90

0.677

1.11

0.39 - 3.12

0.850

 

35+

1.34

0.88 – 2.04

0.170

3.59

1.88 - 6.85

0.000***

1.14

0.59 – 2.53

0.737

3.34

0.93 - 12.02

0.065

Age at contact with treatment service (years)

< 25

Ref

  

Ref

  

Ref

  

Ref

  
 

25 - 34

0.87

0.47 – 1.58

0.639

0.46

0.21 - 0.98

0.045*

0.98

0.28 – 3.37

0.969

0.55

0.12 - 2.49

0.441

 

35+

0.88

0.49 – 1.57

0.661

0.22

0.1 - 0.51

0.000***

0.91

0.28 – 3.02

0.881

0.22

0.04 - 1.17

0.075

Initial CD4 count (cells/mm 3 )

<200

Ref

  

Ref

  

Ref

  

Ref

  
 

200 - 349

0.18

0.11 -0.30

0.000***

0.18

0.11 - 0.3

0.000***

0.39

0.17 - 0.89

0.025*

0.54

0.22 - 1.3

0.167

 

350 - 499

0.21

0.13 -0.34

0.000***

0.21

0.13 - 0.34

0.000***

0.31

0.12 - 0.80

0.015*

0.43

0.16 - 1.17

0.100

 

500+

0.19

0.12 -0.29

0.000***

0.20

0.13 - 0.32

0.000***

0.17

0.06 - 0.49

0.001***

0.30

0.1 - 0.93

0.038*

Ever CD4 (cells/mm 3 )

< 200 §

3.06

2.05 -4.56

0.000***

3.61

2.25 – 5.82

0.000***

9.41

5.19 - 17.04

0.000***

9.00

4.04 – 20.02

0.000***

Ever CD4 (cells/mm 3 )

> 500 §

0.32

0.24 -0.43

0.000***

0.30

0.21 – 0.41

0.000***

0.09

0.04 - 0.19

0.000***

0.08

0.04 - 0.19

0.000***

Initial viral load (log 10 copies)

< 4 log

Ref

  

Ref

  

Ref

  

Ref

  
 

4 - 4.99 log

1.23

0.83 -1.84

0.307

1.11

0.73 - 1.67

0.632

0.71

0.31 - 1.63

0.422

0.57

0.24 - 1.36

0.208

 

5 + log

2.60

1.80 -3.77

0.000***

1.77

1.18 - 2.65

0.005**

1.86

0.94 - 3.67

0.075

1.76

0.81 - 3.85

0.154

Year of diagnosis

< 1996

Ref

     

Ref

     
 

1996 - 1999

1.45

1.00 -2.10

0.052

   

1.65

0.83 - 3.27

0.155

   
 

2000 - 2002

1.68

1.07 -2.65

0.025*

   

0.66

0.21 - 2.05

0.471

   
 

2003 - 2005

1.71

1.00 -2.94

0.050*

   

1.14

0.35 - 3.65

0.829

   

Year of commencement ART

< 1996

Ref

     

Ref

     
 

1996 – 1999

0.53

0.16 -1.72

0.288

Ref

 

.

0.58

0.14 - 2.52

0.471

Ref

 

.

 

2000 - 2002

0.30

0.09 -0.99

0.048*

0.58

0.35 - 0.97

0.036*

0.23

0.05 - 1.01

0.051

0.34

0.16 - 0.73

0.006**

 

2003 – 2005

0.29

0.09 -0.92

0.036*

0.64

0.4 - 1.02

0.062

0.11

0.03 - 0.52

0.005**

0.19

0.08 - 0.42

0.000***

 

2006 - 2008

0.31

0.10 -1.01

0.051

0.57

0.36 - 0.9

0.017*

0.01

0.00 - 0.09

0.000***

0.01

0 - 0.08

0.000***

  1. * for p < .05, ** for p < .01, and *** for p < .001.
  2. ++In the adjusted analysis, non-significant covariates were dropped, apart from risk group. Gender, age of contact to the treatment clinic and age at ART commencement were excluded from the table as these were not significant in unadjusted analysis and so not included in adjusted analysis.
  3. § In adjusted analysis for ‘ever CD4 < or > 500’, initial CD4 count was excluded due to colinearity. The adjusted model for all other results here contains the variable ‘initial CD4 count’ rather than ‘ever CD4 < 200 or > 500’.