Table 4 Helminth infections and significantly associated factors according to stepwise backwards multivariable regression analyses in infants, preschool-aged (PSAC), and school-aged children (SAC) from the Bagamoyo district, United Republic of Tanzania

E . vermicularis

all age-groups

Gender

585

0.70

(0.45 - 1.11)

0.127

9,1,2,3,4,6,7,16,17,20

Age (month)

1.03

(1.02 - 1.05)

<0.001

Temperature

1.60

(0.96 - 2.67)

0.071

Weight

0.91

(0.82 - 1.00)

0.051

Anthelmintic treatment

2.15

(1.22 - 3.79)

0.008

Neutrophil counts

1.10

(1.01 - 1.20)

0.034

Infants

Gender

158

3.72

(0.68 - 20.36)

0.129

9,1,2,3,21

Age (month)

1.13

(1.01 - 1.27)

0.027

PSAC

Gender

201

0.51

(0.23 - 1.16)

0.108

9,1,2,3,16

Anthelmintic treatment

3.60

(1.01 - 12.86)

0.049

Neutrophil counts

1.09

(1.00 - 1.19)

0.041

SAC

Temperature

315

2.21

(1.13 - 4.33)

0.021

9,1,2,3,4

Anthelmintic treatment

1.78

(0.94 - 3.36)

0.076

S . stercoralis

all age-groups

Gender

624

0.62

(0.32-1.21)

0.163

11,1,2,3,4,10,12,13,14,19

Anthelmintic treatment

1.65

(0.80-3.41)

0.178

T. trichiura

4.13

(1.04-16.52)

0.045

2.10

(0.97-4.51)

0.058

Eosinophil counts

2.04

(1.20-3.48)

0.008

Platelet counts

1.00

(0.99-1.00)

0.064

Infants

Gender

132

0.13

(0.01 - 1.38)

0.091

11,1,2,3,6,7,13,14

Age (month)

1.20

(0.97 - 1.49)

0.086

13.03

(1.34 - 127.23)

0.027

Eosinophil counts

4.00

(1.10 - 14.58)

0.036

PSAC

Light anaemia

303

0.19

(0.04 - 0.82)

0.026

11,1,2,3,21

SAC

T. trichiura

290

3.59

(0.80 - 16.08)

0.095

11,1,2,3,4,12,14,19

Eosinophil counts

2.15

(1.10 - 4.23)

0.026

Platelet counts

0.99

(0.98 - 1.00)

0.011

Hookworm

all age-groups

Temperature

623

1.77

(0.83 - 3.78)

0.143

10,1,2,3,4,6,7,11,12,14,16,20

Weight

1.12

(1.05 - 1.18)

<0.001

T. trichiura

3.33

(0.77 - 14.39)

0.107

Eosinophil counts

2.30

(1.29 - 4.09)

0.005

Infants

Anthelmintic treatment

138

27.91

(5.52 - 141.21)

<0.001

10,1,2,3,6,7,14,16,20

Eosinophil counts

16.60

(1.39 - 198.32)

0.026

Basophil counts

0.10

(0.01 - 0.86)

0.036

Haemoglobin

1.96

(1.13 - 3.41)

0.016

PSAC

Gender

272

1.97

(0.72 - 5.38)

0.185

10,1,2,3,4,12,16

Temperature

3.74

(1.14 - 12.28)

0.030

Anthelmintic treatment

0.52

(0.2 - 1.34)

0.174

T. trichiura

22.78

(4.43 - 117.23)

<0.001

Neutrophil counts

1.11

(1.01 - 1.21)

0.03

SAC

Eosinophil counts

295

2.71

(1.39 - 5.31)

0.004

10,1,2,3,14,27

T . trichiura

all age-groups

Anthelmintic treatment

623

0.12

(0.03 - 0.54)

0.005

12,1,2,3,11,14,18

S. stercoralis

5.18

(1.45 - 18.46)

0.011

Eosinophil counts

3.28

(1.69 - 6.36)

0.001

Monocyte counts

0.02

(0.00 - 0.33)

0.007

Infants

Age (month)

55

0.51

(0.31 - 0.85)

0.009

12,1,2,3

PSAC

Hookworm

297

11.53

(2.30 - 57.77)

0.003

12,1,2,3,10,19

Platelet counts

1.01

(1.00 - 1.01)

0.008

SAC

Anthelmintic treatment

290

0.08

(0.01 - 0.48)

0.006

12,1,2,3,6,11,14

S. stercoralis

6.63

(1.52 - 28.93)

0.012

Eosinophil counts

3.23

(1.73 - 6.02)

0.001

Plasmodium parasitaemia

all age-groups

Age (month)

952

1.03

(1.02 - 1.04)

<0.001

13,1,2,3,6,7,19,20

Anthelmintic treatment

0.73

(0.49 - 1.10)

0.137

Haemoglobin

0.65

(0.56 - 0.76)

<0.001

Platelet counts

1.00

(0.99 - 1.00)

0.012

Infants

Gender

177

2.88

(0.79 - 10.55)

0.111

13,1,2,3,6,7,11,19

Weight

1.39

(0.97 - 1.99)

0.071

S. stercoralis

5.75

(1.21 - 27.41)

0.028

Platelet counts

0.99

(0.99 - 1.00)

0.022

PSAC

Weight

230

1.27

(1.06 - 1.52)

0.010

13,1,2,3,7,18,20

Haemoglobin

0.49

(0.34 - 0.73)

<0.001

Monocyte counts

13.88

(3.42 - 56.30)

<0.001

SAC

Age (month)

312

1.03

(1.01 - 1.05)

0.004

13,1,2,3,18,20

Anthelmintic treatment

0.65

(0.36 - 1.19)

0.161

Haemoglobin

0.69

(0.53 - 0.90)

0.007

Monocyte counts

2.54

(0.77 - 8.37)

0.126

Plasmodium parasitaemia

<2 years

Light anaemia

625

1.84

(1.04 - 3.27)

0.037

13,1,2,3,21

Moderate anaemia

5.36

(2.92 - 9.82)

<0.001

Severe anaemia

11.20

(4.20 - 29.86)

<0.001

Age (month)

1.04

(1.025 - 1.05)

<0.001

Anthelmintic treatment

0.72

(0.47 - 1.10)

0.129

>2 years

Light anaemia

537

1.57

(0.88 - 2.78)

0.123

13,1,2,3,21

Moderate anaemia

3.07

(1.96 - 4.81)

<0.001

Severe anaemia

7.27

(2.04 - 25.96)

0.002

Gender

0.70

(0.47 - 1.04)

0.076

Age (month)

1.02

(1.00 - 1.03)

0.021