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Table 2 Sociodemographic, nutritional & clinical associations of the proportion of TST positive using a cutoff of ≥10 mm

From: The tuberculin skin test in school going adolescents in South India: associations of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics with TST positivity and non-response

Characteristic a

TST – 10 mm (N =7 94) (%)

TST <10 mm (N = 5814) (%)

P - value

OR (95% C.I)

Adjusted OR (95% C.I)

Sex

     

Male

444 (13.0)

2970 (87.0)

0.01

1.21 (1.05 – 1.41)

1.19 (1.02 – 1.38)

Female

350 (11.0)

2844 (89.0)

 

1.00

 

Age

     

11 – 12 years

193 (10.9)

1585 (89.1)

 

1.00

 

13 – 14 years

408 (11.7)

3090 (88.3)

0.38

1.08 (0.90 – 1.31)

1.09 (0.90 – 1.31)

15 – 16 years

153 (13.9)

947 (86.1)

0.01

1.33 (1.05 – 1.68)

1.31 (1.04 – 1.65)

17 – 18 years

40 (17.2)

192 (82.8)

0.004

1.71 (1.16 – 2.52)

1.69 (1.16 – 2.47)

Caste

     

Dalit/Harijan

133 (10.8)

1097 (89.2)

0.15

0.87 (0.71 – 1.05)

 

Others

661 (12.3)

4717 (87.7)

 

1.00

 

Religion

     

Hindu

714 (12.2)

5137 (87.8)

0.19

1.18 (0.91 – 1.51)

 

Others

80 (10.6)

677 (89.4)

 

1.00

 

Education of mother*

     

Illiterate

372 (11.7)

2818 (88.3)

0.42

0.94 (0.81 – 1.09)

 

Primary or Greater

420 (12.3)

2991 (87.7)

 

1.00

 

Education of father*

     

Illiterate

213 (12.4)

1511 (87.6)

0.56

1.05 (0.89 – 1.24)

 

Primary or Greater

574 (11.8)

4282 (88.2)

 

1.00

 

Walls

     

Brick

633 (12.1)

4605 (87.9)

0.74

1.03 (0.86 – 1.24)

 

Othersb

161 (11.8)

1209 (88.2)

 

1.00

 

Cooking fuel

     

LPG/Gas

117 (14.3)

702 (85.7)

0.03

1.26 (1.01 – 1.56)

1.26 (1.02 – 1.57)

Othersc

677 (11.7)

5112 (88.3)

 

1.00

 

TB Contact*d

     

Yes

13 (29.5)

31(70.5)

<0.001

3.10 (1.53 – 6.18)

2.88 (1.47 – 5.65)

No

774 (11.9)

5722 (88.1)

 

1.00

 

Unexplained cough ≥2 weeks

     

Yes

8 (20.0)

32 (80.0)

0.12

1.84 (0.84 – 4.00)

 

No

786 (12.0)

5782 (88.0)

 

1.00

 

Unexplained weight loss – 2 weeks

     

Yes

2 (7.4)

25 (92.6)

0.46

0.59 (0.14 – 2.47)

 

No

792 (12.0)

5789 (88.0)

 

1.00

 

Unexplained fever – 2 weeks

     

Yes

1 (5.6)

17 (94.4)

0.39

0.43 (0.06 – 3.24)

 

No

793 (12.0)

5797 (88.0)

 

1.00

 

Other symptomse

     

Yes

1 (8.3)

11 (91.7)

0.69

0.67 (0.03 – 4.94)

 

No

793 (12.0)

5803 (88.0)

 

1.00

 

BCG immunization*

     

Yes

695 (12.3)

4954 (87.7)

0.01

1.36 (1.06 – 1.74)

1.33 (1.04 – 1.71)

No

78 (9.3)

757 (90.7)

 

1.00

 

BCG Scar

     

Yes

515 (12.4)

3627 (87.6)

0.18

1.11 (0.95 – 1.30)

 

No

279 (11.3)

2187 (88.7)

 

1.00

 

BMI - z Score*f

     

Underweight (<− 2)

212 (10.6)

1779 (89.4)

0.03

0.83 (0.70 – 0.99)

 

Overweight (> + 1)

26 (14.4)

155 (85.6)

0.46

1.17 (0.75 – 1.82)

 

Normal (−2 to + 1)

555 (12.5)

3875 (87.5)

 

1.00

 
  1. Reported as number and within parenthesis row percentages; OR: Odds ratio; C.I: Confidence intervals; – - reference group; P value reported for univariate analysis; Adjusted odds ratios (Multivariate analysis) were calculated for those characteristics significant in the univariate analysis.
  2. *Because data were not available on some individuals total numbers are lower than the number of subjects who participated in the study
  3. aCumulative response of both parent and subject has been considered in case of history of past TB, TB exposure, Symptoms suggestive of TB, Past disease history and past hospital admission.
  4. bIncludes walls made of Packed mud, Stone, Bamboo, Thatch, Wood.
  5. cIncludes Wood, Kerosene, Coal, Agricultural Residue as cooking fuel.
  6. dRecent contact with a TB case at least for 8 hours a week; in the period of 3 months;
  7. eOther symptoms include unexplained Hemoptysis and night sweats for ≥2 weeks
  8. fWHO cut offs 2007, Growth reference 5–19 years; calculated using WHO – ANTHRO software (version 3.2.2).
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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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