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Table 5 Diagnostic test performance of LAM-ELISA combined with clinical parameters (groups A and B were defined as gold standard positives, Group C as negative controls, other groups with undefined TB status were excluded)

From: Low sensitivity of a urine LAM-ELISA in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis

  

Sensitivity

%

(95% CI)

Specificity

%

(95% CI)

Positive predictive value

%

(95% CI)

Negative predictive value

%

(95% CI)

Positive diagnostic likelihood ratio

(95% CI)

Negative diagnostic likelihood ratio

(95% CI)

 

Subgroup (n)

      

LAM positivity in at least one out of two urine samples in combination with

       

Lymphadenopathy

All (149)

7.4

(2.4–16.3)

98.8

(93.3–100.0)

83.3

(35.9–99.6)

55.9

(47.4–64.2)

5.96

(0.71–49.80)

0.94

(0.87–1.01)

Body temperature ≥ 37.5°C

All (149)

23.9

(14.3–35.9)

98.8

(93.4–100.0)

94.1

(71.3–99.9)

61.4

(52.5–69.7)

19.60

(2.67–144.0)

0.77

(0.67–0.88)

Fever*

All (150)

44.9

(32.9–57.4)

91.4

(83.0–96.5)

81.6

(65.7–92.3)

66.1

(56.5–74.7)

5.20

(2.44–11.10)

0.60

(0.48–0.75)

Body weakness*

All (151)

49.3

(37.0–61.6)

89.0

(80.2–94.9)

79.1

(64.0–90.0)

67.6

(57.9–76.3)

4.49

(2.32–8.70)

0.57

(0.45–0.73)

Chest pain*

All (151)

50.7

(38.4–63.0)

87.8

(78.7–94.0)

77.8

(62.9–88.8)

67.9

(58.2–76.7)

4.16

(2.23–7.78)

0.56

(0.44–0.72)

Cough*

All (151)

50.7

(38.4–63.0)

87.8

(78.7–94.0)

77.8

(62.9–88.8)

67.9

(58.2–76.7)

4.16

(2.23–7.78)

0.56

(0.44–0.72)

Expectoration*

All (151)

47.8

(35.6–60.2)

87.8

(78.7–94.0)

76.7

(61.4–88.2)

66.7

(56.9–75.4)

3.92

(2.09–7.37)

0.59

(0.47–0.76)

Haemoptysis*

All (151)

2.9

(0.4–10.1)

98.8

(93.4–100.0)

66.7

(9.4–99.2)

54.7

(46.3–62.9)

2.38

(0.22–25.70)

0.98

(0.94–1.03)

Loss of Appetite*

All (151)

30.4

(19.9–42.7)

95.1

(88.0–98.7)

84.0

(63.9–95.5)

61.9

(52.8–70.4)

6.24

(2.25–17.30)

0.73

(0.62–0.86)

Night sweat*

All (151)

46.4

(34.3–58.8)

92.7

(84.8–97.3)

84.2

(68.7–94.0)

67.3

(57.8–75.8)

6.34

(2.82–14.30)

0.58

(0.46–0.73)

  1. *Within 3 months prior to enrolment according to interviews regarding medical history
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