Table 2 Risk of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infection (IPI) associated with selected underlying conditions, Finland, 1995–2002.
Underlying conditiona | Number of IPI cases by age group (years) | Population at risk (person years) | Rate/100,000/year | 95%CIb | Case fatality proportion at day 7/28/90 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | < 18 | 18–64 | ≥ 65 | All (%) |  |  |  |  |
| Â | N = 733 | N = 2216 | N = 1408 | N = 4357 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Chronic pulmonary diseasec | 44 | 190 | 260 | 494 (11.3) | 1,435,000 | 34.4 | 31.4–37.4 | 8/12/15 |
Cardiac failure | 13 | 51 | 287 | 351 (8.1) | 746,000 | 47.1 | 42.2–52.0 | 16/24/30 |
Diabetes mellitus | 3 | 140 | 186 | 329 (7.5) | 1,014,000 | 32.5 | 29.0–36.0 | 13/19/23 |
   Type 1 diabetesd | 3 | 16 | 0 | 19 (0.4) | 158,000 | 12.0 | 6.6–17.4 | 5/5/5 |
Immunodeficiency or rheumatic diseases | 4 | 128 | 138 | 270 (6.2) | 779,000 | 34.7 | 30.5–38.9 | 14/19/22 |
Alcohol-related diseases | 0 | 241 | 10 | 251 (5.8) | 1,117,000e | 21.9f | 19.1–24.6 | 21/28/33 |
Non-haematological malignancy | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   < 1 year since diagnosis | 2 | 46 | 58 | 106 (2.4) | 208,000 | 50.9 | 41.2–60.6 | 22/29/41 |
   < 5 years since diagnosis | 13 | 92 | 139 | 244 (5.6) | 730,000 | 33.4 | 29.2–37.6 | 16/24/33 |
Haematological malignancy | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   < 1 year since diagnosis | 5 | 25 | 26 | 56 (1.3) | 10,000 | 547.2 | 398.9–685.5 | 14/16/25 |
   < 5 years since diagnosis | 23 | 68 | 72 | 163 (3.7) | 38,000 | 434.5 | 367.8–501.2 | 10/13/21 |
Organ or bone marrow transplantation | 5 | 26 | 3 | 34 (0.8) | 21,000 | 163.7 | 108.7–218.7 | 3/6/9 |
Chronic renal failure | 1 | 15 | 8 | 24 (0.6) | 27,000 | 88.6 | 53.1–124.1 | 8/13/17 |
Chronic liver disease | 0 | 15 | 5 | 20 (0.5) | NAg | NA | NA | 15/30/35 |
HIV infection | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 (0.2) | 8,000 | 129.7 | 49.3–210.1 | 10/20/30 |