Table 2 Univariable and multivariable associations for suboptimal viral load response (>= 400 copies/ml) at 12 months

Sex

Male

914

258 (28)

1

-

0.31

1

0.52

Female

39

14 (36)

1.42

0.73–2.78

1.38

0.53–3.61

Age – grouped

(years)

<35

225

53 (24)

1

0.16

1

0.33

35–39

199

51 (26)

1.12

0.72–1.74

1.50

0.83–2.71

40–44

227

70 (31)

1.45

0.95–2.20

P_t = 0.01

1.43

0.82–2.52

45–49

166

53 (32)

1.52

0.97–2.38

1.89

1.04–3.43

>= 50

136

45 (33)

1.60

1.00–2.57

1.50

0.77–2.93

Site

Site A

165

35 (21)

1

-

<0.001

1

<0.001

Site B

238

44 (18)

0.84

0.51–1.38

0.71

0.39–1.32

Site C

198

78 (39)

2.41

1.59–3.86

2.38

1.32–4.31

Site D

145

49 (34)

1.90

1.14–3.15

1.80

0.92–3.50

Site E

207

66 (32)

1.74

1.08–2.79

1.70

0.88–3.31

WHO stage**

(n = 55 missing)

1–2

242

52 (21)

1

-

0.02

1

0.007

3

415

131 (32)

1.69

1.16–2.44

2.08

1.28–3.34

4

241

66 (27)

1.38

0.91–2.09

2.03

1.14–3.62

CD4 count at baseline

(× 10⁶/l) (n = 45 Missing)

<= 50

126

37 (29)

1

-

0.5

51–100

136

46 (34)

1.23

0.73–2.07

101–200

332

95 (29)

0.96

0.61–1.51

201–350

273

70 (26)

0.83

0.52–1.33

> 350

41

13 (32)

1.12

0.52–2.39

Viral load at baseline

(copies/ml) (n = 61 missing)

<= 10,000

179

36 (20)

1

0.02

1

<0.001

10,001–

443

134 (30)

1.72

1.13–2.62

3.63

1.88–7.00

100,000

270

85 (31)

1.83

1.17–2.85

3.54

1.79–7.00

>100,000

Weight (kg)

(n = 77 missing)

<= 50

54

22 (41)

1

-

0.02

51–60

285

90 (32)

0.67

0.37–1.22

61–70

349

83 (24)

0.45

0.25–0.82

P_t = 0.007

>70

185

46 (25)

0.48

0.25–0.91

ART regimen

COM/EFV

897

249 (28)

1

-

0.04

other

56

23 (41)

1.81

1.04–3.15

<1 log decrease in viral

load at six weeks

(n = 198 missing)

No

669

157 (23)

1

-

<0.001

1

<0.001

Yes

86

40 (47)

2.84

1.79–4.49

4.71

2.56–8.68

Self-reported adherence

at 6 weeks

(n = 73 missing)

100%

784

204 (26)

1

-

<0.001

1

<0.001

<100%

95

43 (45)

2.35

1.52–3.63

3.50

1.92–6.35