|
Characteristics
|
N (%)
|
HSV-2 prevalence % (95% CI)
|
Age-adjusted OR (95% CI)
|
Multivariate analysis OR (95% CI)
|
|---|
|
Total
|
1296
|
20.7 (18.53–23.00)
| | |
|
Clinic
| | | | |
|
Basotu
|
242 (18.7)
|
7.0 (4.27 – 11.21)
|
1
|
1
|
|
Haydom
|
319 (24.6)
|
23.8 (19.33 – 28.86)
|
4.2 (2.41 – 7.31) *
|
4.2 (2.39 – 7.41) *
|
|
Muslur
|
192 (14.8)
|
32.8 (26.32 – 40.00)
|
6.5 (3.63 – 11.52) *
|
6.8 (3.76 – 12.27) *
|
|
Dangayda
|
113 (8.7)
|
32.9 (23.59 – 41.38)
|
6.0 (3.19 – 11.35) *
|
5.3 (2.78 – 10.16) *
|
|
Mwanga
|
249 (19.2)
|
20.1 (15.40 – 25.71)
|
3.3 (1.86 – 5.95) *
|
3.3 (1.84 – 6.02) *
|
|
Nduguti
|
181 (14.0)
|
14.4 (9.76 – 20.53)
|
2.2 (1.16 – 4.23) *
|
2.2 (1.15 – 4.24) *
|
|
Age groups (years)
| | | | |
|
15–19
|
165 (12.7)
|
19.5 (13.91 – 26.58)
|
1
| |
|
20–24
|
417 (32.2)
|
19.4 (15.80 – 23.62)
|
1.0 (0.63 – 1.57)
|
0.8 (0.48 – 1.28)
|
|
25–29
|
349 (26.9)
|
17.4 (13.69 – 21.90)
|
0.9 (0.54 – 1.40)
|
0.7 (0.41 – 1.13)
|
|
30–34
|
224 (17.3)
|
24.5 (19.58 – 31.30)
|
1.3 (0.82 – 2.19)
|
0.9 (0.55 – 1.61)
|
|
≥35
|
141 (10.9)
|
27.7 (20.62 – 35.93)
|
1.6 (0.92 – 2.69)
|
1.0 (0.56 – 1.77)
|
|
Marital status
| | | | |
|
Married
|
1183 (91.3)
|
20.9 (18.62 – 23.33)
|
1
|
__
|
|
Single/divorced/separated/widow
|
113(8.7)
|
18.6 (12.12 – 27.23)
|
1.1 (0.68 – 1.91)
| |
|
Education (years)
| | | | |
|
None
|
349 (28.2)
|
20.9 (16.85 – 25.64)
|
1
|
__
|
|
1–6 years
|
174 (13.4)
|
17.8 (12.60 – 24.49)
|
0.8 (0.51 – 1.40)
| |
|
7 years or more
|
773 (59.7)
|
21.2 (18.42 – 24.30)
|
1.0 (0.74 – 1.9)
| |
|
a
Polygamous relationship
| | | | |
|
No
|
1024 (79.0)
|
17.5 (15.23–19.90)
|
1
| |
|
Yes
|
272 (21.0)
|
32.7 (27.24–38.69)
|
2.2 (1.63 – 3.01) *
|
2.2 (1.62 – 2.99) *
|
|
b
Age at first pregnancy
| | | | |
|
< 18 years
|
158 (14.0)
|
23.4 (17.21 – 30.94)
|
1
| |
|
≥ 18 years
|
974 (86.0)
|
20.4 (17.97 – 23.13)
|
1.2 (0.85–1.73)
|
1.2 (0.82 – 1.70)
|
|
Number of lifetime sexual partners
| | | | |
|
One only
|
1231 (95.0)
|
18.2 (16.14 – 20.54)
|
1
| |
|
More than one
|
65 (5.0)
|
35.3 (24.36 – 47.90)
|
2.0 (1.21 – 3.46) *
|
1.8 (1.04 – 3.04)
|
|
Use of contraceptives other than condom
| | | | |
|
No
|
1088 (84.0)
|
19.2 (16.93–21.71)
|
1
|
1
|
|
Yes
|
208 (16.0)
|
28.4 (22.45–35.09)
|
1.7 (1.20–2.37)*
|
1.7 (1.21–2.41) *
|
|
History of sexually transmitted infections
| | | | |
|
No
|
1135 (87.6)
|
19.8 (17.56 – 22.29)
|
1
| |
|
Yes
|
161 (12.4)
|
27.0 (20.20 – 34.35)
|
1.5 (1.01 – 2.17)
|
1.3 (0.87–1.92)
|
|
Ever used condom
| | | | |
|
No
|
1233 (95.1)
|
20.6(18.47 – 23.07)
|
1
|
__
|
|
Yes
|
63 (4.9)
|
20.6 (11.85 – 33.04)
|
1.1 (0.56 – 1.97)
| |
-
aRelationship with a man having more than one female sexual partner regardless of marital status
-
b Analysed for those aged 20 ≥ years at the time of survey
- Total HSV-2 positive (n = 268/1296)
- *P-values: < 0.01
