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Table 1 The prevalence of genital herpes and associated factors among pregnant women

From: HIV-1, HSV-2 and syphilis among pregnant women in a rural area of Tanzania: Prevalence and risk factors

Characteristics

N (%)

HSV-2 prevalence % (95% CI)

Age-adjusted OR (95% CI)

Multivariate analysis OR (95% CI)

Total

1296

20.7 (18.53–23.00)

  

Clinic

    

Basotu

242 (18.7)

7.0 (4.27 – 11.21)

1

1

Haydom

319 (24.6)

23.8 (19.33 – 28.86)

4.2 (2.41 – 7.31) *

4.2 (2.39 – 7.41) *

Muslur

192 (14.8)

32.8 (26.32 – 40.00)

6.5 (3.63 – 11.52) *

6.8 (3.76 – 12.27) *

Dangayda

113 (8.7)

32.9 (23.59 – 41.38)

6.0 (3.19 – 11.35) *

5.3 (2.78 – 10.16) *

Mwanga

249 (19.2)

20.1 (15.40 – 25.71)

3.3 (1.86 – 5.95) *

3.3 (1.84 – 6.02) *

Nduguti

181 (14.0)

14.4 (9.76 – 20.53)

2.2 (1.16 – 4.23) *

2.2 (1.15 – 4.24) *

Age groups (years)

    

15–19

165 (12.7)

19.5 (13.91 – 26.58)

1

 

20–24

417 (32.2)

19.4 (15.80 – 23.62)

1.0 (0.63 – 1.57)

0.8 (0.48 – 1.28)

25–29

349 (26.9)

17.4 (13.69 – 21.90)

0.9 (0.54 – 1.40)

0.7 (0.41 – 1.13)

30–34

224 (17.3)

24.5 (19.58 – 31.30)

1.3 (0.82 – 2.19)

0.9 (0.55 – 1.61)

≥35

141 (10.9)

27.7 (20.62 – 35.93)

1.6 (0.92 – 2.69)

1.0 (0.56 – 1.77)

Marital status

    

Married

1183 (91.3)

20.9 (18.62 – 23.33)

1

__

Single/divorced/separated/widow

113(8.7)

18.6 (12.12 – 27.23)

1.1 (0.68 – 1.91)

 

Education (years)

    

None

349 (28.2)

20.9 (16.85 – 25.64)

1

__

1–6 years

174 (13.4)

17.8 (12.60 – 24.49)

0.8 (0.51 – 1.40)

 

7 years or more

773 (59.7)

21.2 (18.42 – 24.30)

1.0 (0.74 – 1.9)

 

a Polygamous relationship

    

No

1024 (79.0)

17.5 (15.23–19.90)

1

 

Yes

272 (21.0)

32.7 (27.24–38.69)

2.2 (1.63 – 3.01) *

2.2 (1.62 – 2.99) *

b Age at first pregnancy

    

< 18 years

158 (14.0)

23.4 (17.21 – 30.94)

1

 

≥ 18 years

974 (86.0)

20.4 (17.97 – 23.13)

1.2 (0.85–1.73)

1.2 (0.82 – 1.70)

Number of lifetime sexual partners

    

One only

1231 (95.0)

18.2 (16.14 – 20.54)

1

 

More than one

65 (5.0)

35.3 (24.36 – 47.90)

2.0 (1.21 – 3.46) *

1.8 (1.04 – 3.04)

Use of contraceptives other than condom

    

No

1088 (84.0)

19.2 (16.93–21.71)

1

1

Yes

208 (16.0)

28.4 (22.45–35.09)

1.7 (1.20–2.37)*

1.7 (1.21–2.41) *

History of sexually transmitted infections

    

No

1135 (87.6)

19.8 (17.56 – 22.29)

1

 

Yes

161 (12.4)

27.0 (20.20 – 34.35)

1.5 (1.01 – 2.17)

1.3 (0.87–1.92)

Ever used condom

    

No

1233 (95.1)

20.6(18.47 – 23.07)

1

__

Yes

63 (4.9)

20.6 (11.85 – 33.04)

1.1 (0.56 – 1.97)

 
  1. aRelationship with a man having more than one female sexual partner regardless of marital status
  2. b Analysed for those aged 20 ≥ years at the time of survey
  3. Total HSV-2 positive (n = 268/1296)
  4. *P-values: < 0.01
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BMC Infectious Diseases

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