Table 4 Odd ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for HIV, HCV and syphilis seropositivity, and positive HBsAg status according to the sociodemographic characteristics among 445 prison officers in Ghana on univariate analysis

Age (years)

   25–35

149 (33.4)

8 (5.4)

2.2 (1.5–5.4)

22 (14.8)

2.4 (1.8–6.4)

29 (19.5)

2.3 (1.7–5.9)

14 (9.4)

2.0 (1.5–4.9)

   36–46

148 (33.3)

10 (6.8)

2.8 (2.0–7.8)

19 (12.8)

2.1 (1.5–5.2)

38 (25.7)

3.0 (2.2–8.9)

13 (8.8)

1.9 (1.4–4.7)

   >47

148 (33.3)

4 (2.7)

1

11 (7.4)

1

16 (10.8)

1

8 (5.4)

1

Gender

   Female

167 (37.5)

12 (7.2)

2.2 (1.5–5.4)

29 (17.4)

2.5 (1.8–6.7)

38 (22.8)

1.8 (1.3–4.5)

20 (12.0)

2.6 (1.9–7.0)

   Male

278 (62.5)

10 (3.6)

1

23 (8.3)

1

45 (16.2)

1

15 (5.4)

1

Marital status

   Married

203 (45.6)

8 (3.9)

1

20 (9.9)

1

33 (16.3)

1

12 (5.9)

1

   Not married

242 (54.4)

14 (5.8)

1.6 (1.1–3.4)

32 (13.2)

1.6 (1.2–3.5)

50 (20.7)

1.6 (1.2–3.6)

23 (9.5)

1.9 (1.4–4.7)

Educational level attained

   Middle School

144 (32.4)

9 (6.3)

1.5 (0.9–2.8)

20 (13.9)

1.4 (0.7–2.3)

30 (20.8)

1.3 (0.7–2.0)

14 (9.7)

1.5 (0.8–2.7)

   Junior Secondary School

69 (15.5)

4 (5.8)

1.4 (0.9–2.6)

10 (14.5)

1.5 (0.9–2.8)

15 (21.7)

1.4 (0.8–2.3)

5 (7.2)

1.1 (0.5–1.8)

   Senior Secondary School

212 (47.6)

8 (3.8)

1

21 (9.9)

1

34 (16.0)

1

14 (6.6)

1

   University/College

20 (4.5)

1 (5.0)

1.3 (0.7–2.0)

2 (10.0)

1.0 (0.3–1.3)

4 (20.0)

1.3 (0.7–2.0)

2 (10.0)

1.5 (0.8–2.7)

Duration of employment in prison service (years)

   Below median (<10)

223 (50.1)

9 (4.0)

1

20 (9.0)

1

33 (14.8)

1

15 (6.7)

1

   Above median (>10)

222 (49.9)

13 (5.9)

1.6 (1.1–3.4)

32 (14.4)

1.9 (1.4–4.5)

50 (22.5)

1.9 (1.4–4.6)

20 (9.0)

1.5 (1.1–3.2)

History of STD

   Yes

75 (16.9)

6 (8.0)

2.0 (1.4–4.7)

17 (22.7)

2.9 (2.1–8.2)

21 (28.0)

2.1 (1.5–5.3)

14 (18.7)

3.8 (2.6–10.5)

   No

370 (83.1)

16 (4.3)

1

35 (9.5)

1

62 (16.8)

1

21 (5.7)

1

History of blood transfusion

   Yes

90 (20.2)

5 (5.6)

1.3 (0.7–2.0)

11 (12.2)

1.3 (0.6–2.0)

19 (21.1)

1.5 (0.9–2.8)

8 (8.9)

1.3 (0.6–2.0)

   No

355 (79.8)

17 (4.8)

1

41 (11.6)

1

64 (18.0)

1

27 (7.6)

1

Ever been tattooed or pierced

   Yes

58 (13.0)

3 (5.2)

1.2 (0.6–1.9)

7 (12.1)

1.3 (0.6–2.0)

11 (19.0)

1.3 (0.7–2.0)

5 (8.6)

1.3 (0.6–2.0)

   No

387 (87.0)

19 (4.9)

1

45 (11.6)

1

72 (18.6)

1

30 (7.8)

1

Ever been cut or assaulted

   Yes

93 (20.9)

5 (5.4)

1.2 (0.6–1.9)

11 (11.8)

1.2 (0.5–1.8)

18 (19.4)

1.3 (0.7–2.0)

8 (8.6)

1.3 (0.6–2.0)

   No

352 (79.1)

17 (4.8)

1

41 (11.6)

1

65 (18.5)

1

27 (7.7)

1