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Table 3 Predictors of in-hospital mortality for HIV-infected patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia for the entire cohort and according to empiric or definitive diagnosis.

From: Outcome of HIV-associated Pneumocystis pneumonia in hospitalized patients from 2000 through 2003

Univariate predictors

All subjects (n = 292) OR (95% CI), p-value

Empiric (n = 127) OR (95% CI), p-value

Definitive (n = 165) OR (95% CI), p-value

Mechanical ventilation

18.0 (7.9–41.1), < 0.001

86.3 (13.1–568.3), <0.001

9.6 (3.8–24.7), < 0.001

Pneumothorax

10.3 (3.9–27.3), < 0.001

_*

10.2 (3.5–29.7), < 0.001

Serum LDH (per 100 U/l increase)

1.3 (1.09–1.65), 0.005

1.3 (0.79–2.02), 0.33

1.3 (1.02–1.63), 0.03

Serum albumin (per 0.1 g/dl increase)

0.32 (0.17–0.60), < 0.001

0.27 (0.09–0.88), 0.02

0.36 (0.17–0.77), 0.008

Empiric diagnosis

0.36 (0.16–0.82), 0.02

_

_

Alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (per 1 mm Hg increase)(n = 129)

1.08 (1.03–1.12), 0.001

1.05 (0.98–1.12), p = 0.16

1.10 (1.03–1.17), p = 0.003

Multivariate predictors (n = 278)

   

Pneumothorax

15.7 (4.4–56.4), < 0.001

  

Mechanical ventilation

14.8 (5.7–38.9), < 0.001

  

Serum albumin (per 0.1 g/dl increase)

0.27 (0.12–0.61), 0.002

  
  1. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; OR, odds ratio.
  2. *Unable to calculate odds ratio because of the small number of occurrences.