|
Stage
|
PCR %
|
Microscopy %
|
Sample size
|
P-value**
|
Discrepancy %
|
Kappa
|
s.e.
|
|---|
|
N1
|
80.00
|
60.00
|
10
|
0.05
|
20.00
|
0.54
|
0.26
|
|
N2
|
80.00
|
48.00
|
25
|
0.02
|
32.00
|
0.37
|
0.14
|
|
N3
|
82.61
|
47.83
|
23
|
0.03
|
34.78
|
0.32
|
0.14
|
|
N4
|
100.00
|
50.00
|
6
|
0.39
|
50.00
|
NA
|
NA
|
|
N5
|
80.00
|
70.00
|
30
|
<0.0001
|
10.00
|
0.74
|
0.14
|
|
A
|
79.55
|
56.82
|
40
|
0.0002
|
24.44
|
0.38
|
0.13
|
|
Total
|
81.16
|
56.52
|
138
|
<0.0001
|
24.64
|
0.43
|
0.07
|
|
Sensitivity
|
100.00
|
69.64
| |
<0.0001
| | | |
- * Serrano and Carbajal not included in the analysis
- N1–N5 = First to fifth nymphal stages; A = Adults; PCR = Polymerase Chain Reaction;
- Discrepancy = PCR positive and Microscopy negative; NA = Non applicable
- ** P-value = Probability that the differences in infection rates between techniques is due to chance
