Characteristics | USA | Europe | Total | p-value* |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total mothers delivered | 978 | 372 | 1350 | Â |
Median age: entry (IQR) | 27.2 (22.9–31.8) | 30 (26.9–34) | 28.1 (23.9–32.4) | <0.0001 |
Ethnicity | Â | Â | Â | <0.0001 |
White | 119 (12%) | 190 (51%) | 309 (23%) | Â |
Black | 621 (64%) | 172 (46%) | 793 (59%) | Â |
Hispanic | 223 (23%) | 8 (2%) | 231 (17%) | Â |
Other | 15 (1.5%) | 2 (0.5%) | 17 (1%) | Â |
Parity | Â | Â | Â | 0.0001 |
0–1 | 161 (17%) | 80 (22%) | 241 (18%) |  |
2–3 | 399 (41%) | 168 (45%) | 567 (42%) |  |
4–5 | 267 (27%) | 97 (26%) | 364 (27%) |  |
≥6 | 151 (15%) | 27 (7%) | 178 (13%) |  |
Previous miscarriages | Â | Â | Â | <0.0001 |
0 | 707 (72%) | 325 (87%) | 1032 (76%) | Â |
1–2 | 247 (25%) | 44 (12%) | 291 (22%) |  |
3–6 | 24 (2.5%) | 3 (1%) | 27 (2%) |  |
Previous terminations | Â | Â | Â | <0.0001 |
0 | 710 (73%) | 192 (52%) | 902 (67%) | Â |
1–2 | 220 (22%) | 149 (40%) | 369 (27%) |  |
3–4 | 41 (4%) | 28 (7%) | 69 (5%) |  |
5–12 | 7 (1%) | 3 (1%) | 10 (1%) |  |
Timing of HIV diagnosis | Â | Â | Â | <0.0001 |
Pre-pregnancy | 539 (55%) | 259 (70%) | 798 (59%) | Â |
Antenatal | 439 (45%) | 112 (30%) | 551 (41%) | Â |
Mode of acquisition # | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Sexual with HIV at risk | 336 (34%) | 44 (12%) | 380 (28%) | <0.0001 |
Sexual with HIV positive | 214 (22%) | 105 (28%) | 319 (24%) | 0.0623 |
Sexual with HIV unknown | 716 (73%) | 162 (44%) | 878 (65%) | <0.0001 |
Current IDU | 12 (1%) | 11 (3%) | 23 (2%) | 0.0331 |
Previous IDU | 68 (7%) | 35 (9%) | 103 (8%) | 0.1340 |
Blood transfusion | 20 (2%) | 7 (2%) | 27 (2%) | 0.9999 |
Occupational risk | 22 (2%) | 3 (1%) | 25 (2%) | 0.1108 |
Other risk factor | 44 (4%) | 8 (2%) | 52 (4%) | <0.0001 |
Unknown risk factor | 47 (5%) | 46 (12%) | 93 (7%) | 0.0401 |
STD history | Â | Â | Â | <0.0001 |
Yes | 280 (29%) | 19 (5%) | 299 (22%) | Â |
No | 450 (46%) | 353 (95%) | 803 (60%) | Â |
Unknown | 248 (25%) | 0 (0) | 248 (18%) | Â |