Cost-sharing strategies combining targeted public subsidies with private-sector delivery achieve high bednet coverage and reduced malaria transmission in Kilombero Valley, southern Tanzania

Table 5 Village-level estimates of recent^a and historical^b malaria transmission intensity.

Village	Recent bednet use (%)	Species	Biting Rate (bites per person per night)			Sporozoite Prevalence (infectious bites per bite)			Entomologic Inoculation Rate (infectious bites per person per year)			References
			Historical	Recent	Difference	Historical	Recent	Difference	Historical	Recent	Difference
Idete	86.5	An. gambiae	211	80	-62	0.0251	0.0098^c	-61	1931	285	-85	[65]
		An. funestus	25	11	-56	0.0440	0.0167^c	-62	394	66	-83
		Total							2326	350	-85
Iragua	58.3	An. gambiae		296			0.0098^c			1059
		An. funestus		11			0.0167^c			67
		Total								1126
Kichangani	48.2	An. gambiae		57			0.0098^c			206
		An. funestus		6			0.0167^c			39
		Total								245
Kidugalo	53.9	An. gambiae		19			0.0098^c			69
		An. funestus		15			0.0167^c			93
		Total								162
Kivukoni	81.2	An. gambiae		47			0.0098^c			167
		An. funestus		5			0.0167^c			33
		Total								200
Lukolongo	86.5	An. gambiae		100			0.0098^c			358
		An. funestus		9			0.0167^c			56
		Total								414
Lupiro	83.1	An. gambiae		165			0.0098^c			590
		An. funestus		13			0.0167^c			77
		Total								667
Mavimba	81.9	An. gambiae		67			0.0098^c			236
		An. funestus		9			0.0167^c			56
		Total								295
Mbingu	73.3	An. gambiae		54						192
		An. funestus		3						20
		Total								212
Mchombe	82.2	An. gambiae		69						247
		An. funestus		7						45
		Total								292
Minepa	77.5	An. gambiae		15			0.0098^c			55
		An. funestus		3			0.0167^c			20
		Total								75
Mkangawalo	61.2	An. gambiae		46			0.0098^c			163
		An. funestus		7			0.0167^c			41
		Total								204
Namwawala	67.5	An. gambiae	93	68	-26	0.0160	0.0098^c	-39	545	245	-55	[54, 62]
		An. funestus	23	8	-63	0.0110	0.0167^c	-52	92	51	-44
		Total							637	296	-53
Overall	72.4	An. gambiae	152	83	-44	0.0245	0.0098^c	-60	1238	298	-70
		An. funestus	24	8	-59	0.0196	0.0167^c	-15	243	51	-63
		Total							1481	349	-69

^a As estimated from the October 2001–September 2003 surveys described here.
^b All previous reports from Kilombero and Ulanga districts except for the two villages of Michenga [86] and Kibaoni [53] which were not included in this study, as well as two reports from Ifakara town [52,87] which are considered urban or per-urban and therefore cannot be rationally compared with any of the other sites surveyed [88-90].
^c Separate village-specific sporozoite infection prevalence estimates could not be obtained from the recent surveys because of lack of sufficient samples from each village. Recent sproozoite prevance is therefore presented as a common overall estimate for the entire study area, including all villages.

ISSN: 1471-2334