Figure 1

Vaginal HSV-2 susceptibility and toxic effects vs time after a single dose of 2% N9. A. Relative susceptibility is the effective Infectious Doses the inoculum delivers in N9-exposed mice normalized to the Infectious Doses it delivers in control (PBS) mice. The single dose of N9 produced three successive phases in susceptibility, a brief initial protective phase (reduced susceptibility) followed by two distinct phases of markedly increased susceptibility. P values were determined by Fisher's exact two-sided test comparing the numbers of animals infected and uninfected in the test animals vs. the corresponding numbers in control animals treated only with PBS. B-E. Error bars indicate standard deviations around the mean. Concentrations of inflammatory cytokines are indicated by geometric means normalized with respect to those for PBS controls. See legend for Fig. 6 for geometric means of PBS controls. B, C. Data obtained from histology sections from four locations distributed along the length of the vagina. The score in C is a semi-quantitative evaluation of the amount of visible cellular debris in the vaginal lumen. For each point in B and C at 10 min, 2, and 8 hours, P values were <0.001 with respect to PBS control values. (n = 8) D. P values for all times points from 6 to 18 hours were <0.001 with respect to PBS control values. (n = 20) D, E. Data obtained from vaginal lavage samples.