Table 3 Classification, valvular involvement and echocardiographic findings of injection drug users and nonaddicts with Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis.
Injection drug users | Nonaddicts | Total | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | (n = 20) | (n = 54) | (n = 74) | OR | 95% CI | P |
Criteria, classificationa | ||||||
Possible | 1 (5) | 17 (32) | 18 (24) | 0.12 | 0.01–0.93 | 0.03 |
Definite | 19 (95) | 37 (69) | 56 (76) | 8.73 | 1.08–70.67 | 0.03 |
Valvular involvementb | ||||||
Left-sided | 6 (30) | 50 (93) | 56 (76) | 0.03 | 0.01–0.14 | <0.001 |
Aortic | 2 (10) | 24 (44) | 26 (35) | 0.14 | 0.03–0.66 | 0.006 |
Mitral | 3 (15) | 19 (35) | 22 (30) | 0.33 | 0.08–1.25 | 0.15 |
Aortic and mitral | 1 (5) | 7 (13) | 8 (11) | 0.35 | 0.04–3.07 | 0.44 |
Right-sided | 12 (60) | 4 (7) | 16 (22) | 18.75 | 4.83–72.73 | <0.001 |
Both sides | 2 (10) | 0 (0) | 2 (3) | - | - | 0.07 |
Echocardiography performed | 20 (100) | 53 (98) | 73 (99) | - | - | 1.00 |
TTE | 20 (100) | 52 (96) | 72 (97) | - | - | 1.00 |
TEE | 9 (45) | 40 (74) | 49 (66) | 0.29 | 0.10–0.84 | 0.03 |
Echocardiographyc | ||||||
Vegetation | 14 (70) | 25 (47) | 39 (53) | 0.26 | 0.87–7.84 | 0.16 |
Regurgitationd | 17 (85) | 35 (66) | 52 (71) | 2.91 | 0.75–11.27 | 0.15 |
Valve perforation | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | - | - | 0.27 |
Paravalvular or intracardiac abscess | 1 (5) | 2 (4) | 3 (4) | 1.34 | 0.12–15.67 | 1.00 |
Duration of bacteremia before diagnosis, median days (range) | 2 (0–8) | 3 (0–28) | 3 (0–28) | - | - | 0.67 |