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Table 1 Characteristics of 430 patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia with and without endocarditis.

From: Clinical manifestations and outcome in Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis among injection drug users and nonaddicts: a prospective study of 74 patients

 

Bacteremia with endocarditis

Bacteremia without endocarditis

Total

 

Characteristic

(n = 74)

(n = 356)

(n = 430)

OR

95% CI

P

Age, mean years ± SD

55 ± 22

59 ± 17

58 ± 18

-

-

0.26

Male sex

47 (64)

221 (62)

268 (62)

1.06

0.63–1.79

0.82

Hospital-acquired

34 (46)

198 (56)

232 (54)

0.68

0.41–1.12

0.13

Previous skin disease or wound

34 (46)

189 (53)

223 (52)

0.75

0.45–1.24

0.26

Previous surgerya

18 (24)

77 (22)

95 (22)

1.17

0.65–2.10

0.61

Trauma in prior 2 months

12 (16)

98 (28)

110 (26)

0.51

0.26–0.99

0.04

Central intravenous catheter

10 (14)

48 (14)

58 (14)

1.00

0.48–2.09

0.99

Hemodialysis

6 (8)

38 (11)

44 (10)

0.74

0.30–1.82

0.51

Previous S. aureus deep infection

3 (4)

28 (8)

31 (7)

0.50

0.15–1.67

0.33

Previous S. aureus bacteremia

2 (3)

15 (4)

17 (4)

0.63

0.14–2.82

0.75

Predisposing heart condition

47 (64)

63 (18)

110 (26)

8.10

4.69–13.98

<0.001

   Degenerative heart disease

22 (30)

32 (9)

54 (13)

4.28

2.31–7.94

<0.001

   Injection drug use

20 (27)

24 (7)

44 (10)

5.12

2.65–9.91

<0.001

   Prosthetic valve

17 (23)

1 (0.3)

18 (4)

105.88

13.82–811.08

<0.001

   Prior endocarditis

11 (15)

0 (0)

11 (3)

-

-

<0.001

   Congenital heart disease

5 (7)

5 (1)

10 (2)

5.09

1.43–18.05

0.02

   Mitral valve prolapse

2 (3)

2 (1)

4 (1)

4.92

0.68–35.48

0.14

   Rheumatic heart disease

2 (3)

1 (0.3)

3 (1)

9.86

0.88–110.21

0.08

Coronary artery disease

21 (28)

89 (25)

110 (26)

1.19

0.68–2.08

0.54

Corticosteroid use ≥ 1 month

8 (11)

37 (10)

45 (11)

1.05

0.47–2.35

0.92

Immunosuppressive therapyb

3 (4)

26 (7)

29 (7)

0.54

0.16–1.82

0.45

Diabetes

19 (26)

89 (25)

108 (25)

1.04

0.58–1.84

0.90

Alcoholism

4 (5)

44 (12)

48 (11)

0.41

0.14–1.17

0.10

Liver disease

24 (32)

43 (12)

67 (16)

3.49

1.95–6.25

<0.001

Malignancy

9 (12)

54 (15)

63 (15)

0.77

0.36–1.65

0.51

Chronic renal failure

8 (11)

52 (15)

60 (14)

0.71

0.32–1.56

0.39

HIV positive

3 (4)

5 (1)

8 (2)

2.97

0.69–12.70

0.14

  1. NOTE. Data are no. (%) of patients, unless otherwise indicated.
  2. a Includes cardiac and non-cardiac surgery during 3 months preceding the positive blood culture.
  3. b During 6 months preceding the positive blood culture.