Table 1 Characteristics of Zimbabwean newborns by HIV status of the mother and her infant.

Maternal characteristics

   Hemoglobin, g/L^{†, ‡}

122 (17)^a

113 (18)^b

110 (19)^b

<0.001

>110, %

78.8

60.6

53.2

90–110, %

18.9

29.8

35.1

<90, %

2.2

9.6

11.7

<0.001

   CD4+ lymphocyte count, cells/μL

≥400

-------

40.7

34.3

200–400

33.6

29.2

<200

12.3

26.2

<0.01

   Age, y

23 (5)^a

26 (5)^b

25 (5)^b

<0.0001

   Parity

1.9 (1.2)^a

2.4 (1.3)^b

2.3 (1.3)^b

<0.001

Infant characteristics

   Sex, % female

48.5

47.5

50.5

0.87

   Birthweight, g

2917 (454)^a

2969 (464)^a

2830 (462)^b

0.030

<2500 g, %

19.2

14.9

24.2

0.089

   Gestational age, wk

39.0 (1.4)

39.1 (1.4)

39.0 (1.6)

0.46

<38 wk gestation, %

18.4

17.9

21.9

0.68

   Length, cm

48.7 (2.7)^a

49.0 (2.7)^a

48.1 (2.9)^b

0.022

   Head circumference, cm

34.3 (1.6)

34.2 (1.5)

33.8 (1.8)

0.079