Parameter | Baseline, mean | Follow-up, mean | Mean change (95% CI) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Helminth infection | N | All | Females | Males | All | Females | Males | All | Females | Males | |
Weight (kg)§ | Not infected | 141 | 31.7 | 32.4 | 30.4 | 33.0 | 33.9 | 31.4 | 1.4 (1.0, 1.8) | 1.6 (1.0, 2.1) | 1.0 (0.3, 1.7) |
S. mansoni (+) | 44 | 31.8 | 33.0 | 31.2 | 33.4 | 34.9 | 32.6 | 1.6 (0.9, 2.2) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.0) | 1.4 (0.5, 2.3) | |
S. mansoni (++/+++) | 34 | 33.1 | 35.5 | 32.5 | 35.2 | 39.1 | 34.2 | 2.1 (1.3, 2.8) | 3.6 (1.2, 6.1)* | 1.7 (1.0, 2.4) | |
Haemoglobin (g/l) | Not infected | 130 | 121.4 | 123.7 | 116.8 | 120.9 | 121.3 | 120.1 | −0.5 (−3.0, 2.1) | −2.3 (−5.4, 0.7) | 3.4 (−1.2, 7.9) |
Helminth# | 89 | 119.0 | 119.7 | 118.8 | 118.6 | 122.1 | 117.3 | −0.4 (−3.7, 2.8) | 2.4 (−2.4, 7.2) | −1.5 (−5.6, 2.6) | |
Plasmodium parasitaemia (log (parasites/μl of blood + 1)) | Not infected | 129 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 4.2 | −1.5 (−2.1, −0.9)Δ | −1.4 (−2.6, −0.3)Δ | −1.5 (−2.3, −0.7)Δ |
Helminth# | 88 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 4.3 | −1.5 (−2.3, −0.8)Δ | −1.6 (−2.4, −0.8)Δ | −1.3 (−3.1, 0.5) | |
VO2 max (ml kg−1 min−1) | Not infected | 141 | 48.8 | 47.7 | 50.9 | 48.7 | 46.9 | 52.0 | −0.1 (−0.8, −0.6) | −0.8 (−1.7, 0.1) | 1.2 (0.0, 2.3)† |
S. mansoni (+) | 44 | 50.3 | 48.1 | 51.3 | 49.4 | 48.0 | 50.0 | −0.9 (−2.1, 0.3) | −0.1 (−1.8, 1.6) | −1.3 (−2.9, 0.4)* | |
S. mansoni (++/+++) | 34 | 49.4 | 47.1 | 50.0 | 51.1 | 45.5 | 52.5 | 1.7 (0.2, 3.2)†* | −1.6 (−4.9, 1.7) | 2.5 (0.9, 4.1)† | |
Standing broad jump (cm) | Not infected | 141 | 130 | 128 | 135 | 143 | 141 | 146 | 13 (10, 15)† | 13 (10, 17)† | 12 (8, 15)† |
S. mansoni (+) | 44 | 140 | 133 | 144 | 151 | 140 | 157 | 11 (7, 15)† | 7 (−0, 14) | 13 (7, 18)† | |
S. mansoni (++/+++) | 34 | 146 | 134 | 149 | 158 | 148 | 161 | 12 (6, 19)† | 13 (−2, 29) | 12 (5, 19)† | |
Hand grip strength (kg) | Not infected | 130 | 16.8 | 16.7 | 16.8 | 17.9 | 17.6 | 18.5 | 1.1 (0.4, 1.8)† | 0.8 (−0.0, 1.7) | 1.7 (0.3, 3.0)† |
Helminth# | 89 | 17.7 | 17.1 | 18.0 | 18.8 | 17.9 | 19.1 | 1.0 (0.4, 2.0)† | 0.8 (−1.0, 2.7) | 1.1 (−0.1, 2.3) | |
Digit span test (score range: 2–8)§ | Not infected | 130 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 0.8 (0.6, 0.9) | 0.7 (0.5, 0.9) | 0.9 (0.6, 1.3) |
Helminth# | 89 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 0.8 (0.5, 1.0) | 1.0 (0.5, 1.4) | 0.7 (0.3, 1.0) | |
Code transmission test (score range: 0–20) | Not infected | 81 | 16.2 | 16.0 | 16.7 | 16.2 | 16.4 | 15.6 | −0.1 (−0.8, 0.7) | 0.4 (−0.5, 1.2) | −1.1 (−2.6, 0.4) |
Helminth# | 65 | 15.2 | 12.5 | 16.1 | 15.7 | 15.1 | 15.9 | 0.5 (−0.4, 1.3) | 2.6 (0.7, 4.5)†* | −0.2 (−1.1, 0.7) |