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Table 3 Predictors of unfavorable outcome (compared to cure) assessed at the end of therapy (n = 403)†

From: Predictors of pulmonary tuberculosis treatment outcomes in South Korea: a prospective cohort study, 2005-2012

Variable

Univariate

Multivariate‡

  

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

Gender

Female

1

 

1

 
 

Male

1.04

0.57-1.87

0.92

0.42-2.01

Age

20-34

1

 

1

 
 

35-49

1.09

0.64-1.85

1.00

0.48-2.09

 

≥50

0.70

0.39-1.24

0.78

0.35-1.72

Body Mass Index

<18.5

1

 

-

 
 

≥18.5

0.86

0.55-1.34

  

Diabetes

No

1

 

1

 
 

Yes

1.78*

1.07-2.95

2.52**

1.27-5.01

Alcohol, within 6 months

Less than once a week

1

 

1

 
 

Several times a week

0.40*

0.19-0.83

0.38*

0.16-0.93

 

At least once a day

0.59**

0.36-0.98

1.10

0.56-2.19

Smoking, within 6 months

Never smoked

1

 

-

 
 

< 1 pack/day

1.11

0.63-1.94

  
 

1 pack/day

0.39**

0.21-0.72

  
 

> 1 pack/day

0.58

0.30-1.13

  

Residential area

Small city and town

1

 

-

 
 

Large city

1.70*

1.10-2.64

  

Education

High school, above

1

 

-

 
 

Middle school, below or refusal

0.73

0.47-1.15

  

Occupation

Health care, professional and office work

1

 

-

 
 

Service sector and laborer

0.44*

0.23-0.83

  
 

Unemployment and others

0.56

0.29-1.08

  

Chest X-ray

     

Grade

Minimal or moderate

1

 

-

 
 

Far advanced

1.63*

1.05-3.54

  

Cavity

No

1

 

-

 
 

Yes or not clear

1.88*

1.02-3.45

  

Nodular lesion

No

1

 

-

 
 

Yes or not clear

1.48

0.59-3.76

  

Bilateral

Unilateral

1

 

-

 
 

Bilateral

3.45**

1.66-7.19

  

Number of previous treatment episodes

0 (new case)

1

 

1

 
 

1

2.50*

1.05-5.96

2.38

0.91-6.25

 

2

5.02***

2.11-11.93

2.03

0.72-5.79

 

3

10.27***

4.05-26.04

3.28*

1.06-10.14

 

≥4

28.54***

13.30-61.24

10.30***

3.79-27.94

History of failure

No

1

 

-

 
 

Yes

8.00***

4.93-12.99

  

History of TI

No

1

 

-

 
 

Yes

2.15**

1.37-3.38

  

Number of significant regimen changes

0

1

 

1

 
 

≥1

7.26***

4.53-11.64

4.01***

2.16-7.44

Drug susceptibility pattern

DS

1

 

1

 
 

Mono/poly-R

2.40

0.93-6.18

0.93

0.31-2.78

 

Rif, mono-R

2.74

0.53-14.00

0.58

0.07-4.46

 

MDR

14.18***

7.47-26.90

2.75*

1.13-6.72

  1. *p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p < 0.001.
  2. † Favorable outcome is cured (n = 289) and unfavorable outcome includes failure (n = 65) and death (n = 49) assessed at the end of therapy.
  3. ‡ Multivariate model includes age, gender and all significant factors from the univariate model.
  4. TI: treatment interruption; DS: Drug susceptible, Mono/poly-R: mono or poly-drug resistance that is not matched with the definition of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis or rifampin mono resistance; MDR: multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.