From: Host biomarkers distinguish dengue from leptospirosis in Colombia: a case–control study
Dengue (n = 113) | Leptospirosis (n = 47) | P value | |
---|---|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | |||
Age, years | 25.0 (16.0–41.0) | 27.0 (20.0–38.0) | 0.370 |
Sex, number (% M) | 52 (46.0) | 26 (55.3) | 0.284 |
Height, cm | 163 (152–170) | 164 (157–174) | 0.050 |
Weight, kg | 61.0 (50.5–74.5) | 62.0 (51.5–71.0) | 0.821 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.2 (19.7–26.9) | 21.7 (19.6–24.5) | 0.213 |
Duration of fever, hours | 77.0 (64.0–88.8) | 70.5 (55.0–79.7) | 0.042 |
Laboratory findings | |||
Axillary temperature,ºC | 36.5 (36.0–37.4) | 36.0 (35.6–36.5) | 0.003 |
Number (%) >38ºC | 12 (10.6) | 3 (6.5) | 0.557 |
Platelet count (x103) | 126 (83–180) | 202 (175–240) | <0.001 |
Number (%) <100 x103/uL | 33 (30) | 2 (5.7) | <0.001 |
Leukocyte count | 2900 (2200–3950) | 4900 (3600–6300) | <0.001 |
Number (%) <5000/uL | 99 (90.0) | 21 (48.8) | <0.001 |
Hematocrit | 38.7 (35.9–42.2) | 41.1 (36.7–44.7) | 0.062 |
Positive tourniquet test | 75 (66.4) | 23 (48.9) | 0.039 |
Signs and symptoms, number (%) | |||
Headache | 107 (94.7) | 45 (95.7) | 0.780 |
Retro-orbital pain | 79 (69.9) | 31 (66.0) | 0.623 |
Asthenia | 78 (69.0) | 37 (78.7) | 0.214 |
Muscle pain | 102 (91.1) | 43 (91.5) | 0.932 |
Joint pain | 90 (79.6) | 35 (74.5) | 0.576 |
Chills | 107 (94.7) | 44 (93.6) | 0.788 |
Cough | 41 (37.6) | 22 (46.8) | 0.283 |
Nasal congestion | 38 (34.9) | 22 (46.8) | 0.159 |
Sore throat | 36 (31.9) | 26 (55.3) | 0.006 |
Rash | 48 (42.5) | 7 (14.9) | <0.001 |
Facial erythema | 57 (50.4) | 7 (14.9) | <0.001 |
Pruritis | 35 (32.1) | 11 (23.4) | 0.274 |
Nausea | 86 (76.1) | 37 (78.7) | 0.721 |
Vomiting | 38 (33.6) | 17 (36.2) | 0.758 |
Diarrhea | 42 (37.2) | 11 (23.4) | 0.092 |
Abdominal pain | 61 (54.5) | 25 (53.2) | 0.883 |
Blurred Vision | 46 (41.1) | 17 (36.2) | 0.564 |
Dizziness | 75 (67.0) | 40 (85.1) | 0.020 |
Drowsiness | 68 (60.7) | 28 (59.6) | 0.893 |
Dehydrated | 66 (60.6) | 32 (69.6) | 0.288 |
Conjunctival injection | 48 (42.5) | 11 (23.4) | 0.023 |
Orthostatic hypotension | 17 (15.0) | 2 (4.3) | 0.055 |
Hepatomegaly | 1 (0.9) | 5 (10.6) | 0.003 |