From: Carotid intima media thickness is associated with body fat abnormalities in HIV-infected patients
Without L | With L | P | |
---|---|---|---|
n (%) | 117 | 82 | - |
Gender [n (%)] | |||
Male | 71 (60.7) | 61 (74.4) | 0.063 |
Female | 46 (39.3) | 21 (25.6) | |
Age [years, mean (sd)] | 44.8 (12.1) | 49.2 (10.2) | 0.002 |
Duration of HIV infection [years, mean (sd)] | 7.2 (3.8) | 8.5 (3.5) | 0.005 |
cART [years, mean (sd)] | 5.7 (3.7) | 7.9 (3.3) | <0.001 |
Weight [Kg, mean (sd)] | 68.0 (14.3) | 68.0 (10.6) | 0.805 |
Height [m, mean (sd)] | 1.64 (0.09) | 1.64 (0.08) | 0.518 |
BMI [(Kg/m2), mean (sd)] | 25.2 (5.0) | 25.3 (4.0) | 0.637 |
Waist circumference [cm, mean (sd)] | 90.6 (12.7) | 92.6 (10.2) | 0.174 |
Hip circumference [cm, mean (sd)] | 96.1 (9.4) | 92.5 (6.4) | 0.005 |
Thigh circumference [cm, mean (sd)] | 48.5 (5.5) | 47.0 (4.9) | 0.025 |
Arm circumference [cm, mean (sd)] | 26.7 (3.2) | 27.2 (2.6) | 0.285 |
Neck circumference [cm, mean (sd)] | 36.6 (3.8) | 37.8 (3.8) | 0.045 |
Waist/hip circumference ratio [mean (sd)] | 0.94 (0.09) | 1.00 (0.07) | <0.001 |
CD4 cell count [cells/mm3, mean (sd)] | 502.7 (265.0) | 631.8 (340.8) | 0.006 |
HIV RNA (<50) [n (%)] | 102 (87.2) | 74 (90.2) | 0.660 |
HIV risk factor [n (%)] | |||
Injecting drug user | 32 (27.8) | 15 (18.3) | 0.050 |
Homosexual contact | 7 (6.1) | 14 (17.1) | |
Heterosexual contact | 74 (64.3) | 51 (62.2) | |
Others | 2 (1.7) | 2 (2.4) | |
CDC [n (%)] | |||
A | 63 (54.3) | 53 (64.6) | 0.209 |
B | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0) | |
C | 52 (44.8) | 29 (35.4) | |
ART [n (%)] | |||
PI | 59 (51.3) | 48 (58.5) | 0.390 |
NNRTI | 58 (50.4) | 38 (46.3) | 0.673 |
NRTI | 112 (97.4) | 79 (96.3) | 0.695 |
Smoking history [n (%)] | |||
Never | 44 (37.9) | 36 (43.9) | |
Current | 55 (47.4) | 27 (32.9) | |
Former | 17 (14.7) | 19 (23.2) | 0.092 |
Familial history of CVD [n (%)] | 51 (43.6) | 40 (48.8) | 0.563 |
Taking medications [n (%)] | |||
Statins | 22 (19.0) | 25 (30.5) | 0.088 |
Fibrates | 39 (33.6) | 39 (47.6) | 0.067 |
Oral anti-diabetics | 13 (11.2) | 16 (19.5) | 0.154 |
Insulin | 6 (5.2) | 4 (4.9) | 1.000 |
Anti-hypertensive drugs | 21 (17.9) | 19 (23.5) | 0.442 |
Fat mass [%, mean (sd)] DXA | |||
Total | 24.8 (13.1) | 19.3 (8.5) | 0.003 |
Trunk | 25.7 (13.3) | 24.3 (9.0) | 0.446 |
Leg | 24.4 (14.7) | 11.1 (7.4) | <0.001 |
Arm | 27.2 (17.1) | 20.3 (13.6) | 0.007 |
Fat mass [Kg, mean (sd)] DXA | |||
Total | 17.3 (11.1) | 13.2 (7.3) | 0.013 |
Trunk | 9.3 (6.0) | 9.0 (4.8) | 0.918 |
Leg | 5.2 (3.6) | 2.1 (1.6) | <0.001 |
Arm | 2.1 (1.9) | 1.5 (1.2) | 0.019 |
Body fat mass by quantitative CT | |||
Total fat [cm2, mean (sd)] | 282.2 (174.5) | 276.6 (124.0) | 0.865 |
VAT [cm2, mean (sd)] | 111.5 (85.8) | 158.2 (63.2) | <0.001 |
SAT [cm2, mean (sd)] | 170.8 (125.7) | 118.3 (93.1) | 0.002 |
VAT/SAT ratio [cm2, mean (sd)] | 1.08 (1.46) | 2.43 (2.62) | <0.001 |
Systolic blood pressure [mmHg, mean (sd)] | 120.0 (18.9) | 124.6 (15.8) | 0.039 |
Diastolic blood pressure [mmHg, mean (sd)] | 75.8 (11.9) | 78.0 (10.6) | 0.139 |
Leukocytes [109/L, mean (sd)] | 5.66 (1.67) | 6.39 (1.88) | 0.007 |
Glucose 0 min [mg/dL, mean (sd)] | 104.4 (45.1) | 114.7 (44.2) | 0.003 |
Glucose 2 hours [mg/dL, mean (sd)] | 123.6 (42.9) | 139.2 (50.3) | 0.051 |
Insulin 0 min [μU/mL, mean (sd)] | 9,49 (10.28) | 13.00 (10.68) | 0.002 |
Insulin 2 hours [μU/mL, mean (sd)] | 52.43 (46.65) | 91.32 (147,24) | 0.007 |
HOMA [mean (sd)] | 2,54 (2.90) | 3.73 (3.31) | <0.001 |
A1c [% mean (sd)] | 5.50 (1.06) | 5.77 (0.06) | 0.001 |
Total cholesterol [mg/dL, mean (sd)] | 218.6 (53.2) | 233.6 (61.0) | 0.093 |
LDL-cholesterol [mg/dL, mean (sd)] | 126.1 (47.1) | 132.3 (50.7) | 0.461 |
HDL-cholesterol [mg/dL, mean (sd)] | 47.0 (14.4) | 44.3 (12.0) | 0.262 |
Non-HDL cholesterol [mg/dL, mean (sd)] | 171.6 (48.9) | 189.3 (56.5) | 0.019 |
Triglycerides[mg/dL, mean (sd)] | 247.5 (170.9) | 307.2 (198.5) | 0.006 |
Apo A1 [mg/dL, mean (sd)] | 118.8 (25.8) | 114.3 (18.3) | 0.204 |
Apo B [mg/dL, mean (sd)] | 104.7 (26.7) | 106.1 (25.4) | 0.827 |
Ratio apo B/apo A1 [mean (sd)] | 0.91 (0.27) | 0.95 (0.25) | 0.297 |
Lp (a) [mg/dL, mean (sd)] | 30.2 (31.2) | 31.1 (39.7) | 0.421 |
Homocysteine [μmol/L, mean (sd)] | 9.6 (4.1) | 9.8 (3.7) | 0.435 |
CRP [mg/L, mean (sd)] | 5.4 (12.9) | 4.0 (4.2) | 0.913 |
hsCRP [mg/dL, mean (sd)] | 0.48 (0.91) | 0.37 (0.28) | 0.185 |
Lactates [mmol/L, mean (sd)] | 1.12 (0.47) | 1.36 (0.58) | 0.001 |
NT-ProBNP [pg/mL, mean (sd)] | 39.1 (67.3) | 28.6 (27.1) | 0.414 |
Fibrinogen [mg/dL, mean (sd)] | 344.8 (98.3) | 336.2 (92.1) | 0.463 |
Microalbumin [mg/L, mean (sd)] | 49.1 (150.6) | 26.0 (67.7) | 0.435 |
Uric acid [mg/L, mean (sd)] | 44.4 (15.2) | 51.2 (15.4) | <0.001 |
Carotid IMT [mm, mean (sd)] | 0.76 (0.25) | 0.81 (0.24) | 0.037 |