|
Characteristics frequency (%) or mean ± SD, where relevant
|
Cases
|
Controls
|
Univariate odds ratiosa
|
P value
|
|---|
|
N = 25
|
N = 76
|
[95% CI]
|
|---|
|
Corrected age at final follow-up (months)
|
20.4 ± 2.9
|
20.5 ± 3.5
| |
0.94
|
|
Males
|
19 (76)
|
51 (67)
|
1.55 [0.55-4.37]
|
0.46
|
|
Gestational age (weeks)
|
25.4 ± 1.2
|
25.3 ± 1.5
| |
0.77
|
|
Birth weight (g)
|
763 ± 151
|
785 ± 150
| |
0.53
|
|
Any hearing deficitb
|
7 (28)
|
13 (18)
|
1.82 [0.63-5.26]
|
0.26
|
|
Deafness
|
7 (28)
|
5 (7)
|
5.37 [1.52-18.91]
|
0.01
|
|
Visual impairment
|
6 (24)
|
20 (26)
|
0.88 [0.31-4.53]
|
1.00
|
|
Blindness
|
1 (4)
|
1 (3)
|
3.08 [0.04- 248.49]
|
0.44
|
|
Severe CP
|
2 (8)
|
3 (4)
|
2.12 [0.33-13.45]
|
0.60
|
|
Moderate or severe CP
|
6 (24)
|
6 (8)
|
3.63 [0.86-15.33]
|
0.067
|
|
Mean PDIc
|
80.5 ± 17.9
|
82.0 ± 16.7
| |
0.74
|
|
[Median (range)]
|
[83.5 (49–107)]
|
[84.5 (49–107)]
| |
[0.71]
|
|
Mean MDIc
|
76.7 ± 20.5
|
82.1 ± 19.0
| |
0.89
|
|
[Median (range)]
|
[72 (49–111)]
|
[81 (49–133)]
| |
[0.23]
|
|
BSID-II <2 SD
|
13/23 (57)
|
23/70 (33)
|
2.66 [1.01-6.96]
|
0.044
|
|
NDId
|
15/25 (60)
|
25/76 (33)
|
3.06 [1.20-7.77]
|
0.017
|
-
aOdds ratios were determined analysing the surviving cohort as unmatched cases and controls to maximize sample size and allow multivariable analysis of NDI.
-
bDeafness or hearing impairment.
-
cMDI and PDI Scores that were <50 were assigned a value of 49 to allow determination of means and medians.
-
dRestricting analysis to only matched pairs, using conditional logistic regression, cases were still more likely to develop NDI than their matched controls (10/19 (53%) cases versus 11/38 (29%) controls; OR = 4.81 [1.32-17.56].
