Impact of availability of guidelines and active surveillance in reducing the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in Europe and worldwide

Table 1 Non-representative country averages for countries with >20 responses

Country	Number of responses	Number of pseudo-ICUs	Mean years of experience in critical care	Proportion female sex	Number of beds in ICU	Availability of VAP prevention standards	Existence of VAP surveillance system	VAP measure 1	VAP measure 2	VAP measure 3	VAP measure 4	VAP measure 5	VAP measure 6	Sum of VAP measures 1-6
AR	40	24	15.00	25%	13.20	65%	68%	100%	63%	73%	98%	78%	78%	4.88
AT	130	58	12.75	35%	8.97	40%	45%	96%	44%	47%	93%	98%	82%	4.59
AU	23	17	14.17	9%	19.43	30%	30%	100%	48%	39%	70%	100%	91%	4.48
BE	33	25	17.21	24%	21.15	73%	48%	100%	52%	91%	55%	97%	94%	4.88
BR	21	18	13.86	10%	20.71	81%	76%	100%	71%	86%	95%	62%	67%	4.81
CH	29	16	9.90	24%	12.93	69%	38%	97%	69%	72%	86%	86%	93%	5.03
CO	31	19	9.45	29%	14.84	68%	74%	97%	55%	84%	87%	77%	97%	4.97
DE	67	49	11.81	15%	22.93	67%	52%	97%	54%	60%	93%	99%	84%	4.85
ES	293	107	16.10	38%	15.80	81%	74%	98%	43%	94%	93%	93%	87%	5.09
FR	251	113	11.50	24%	14.88	47%	61%	96%	19%	55%	69%	90%	94%	4.24
GB	115	57	10.74	22%	17.16	79%	50%	98%	81%	90%	50%	87%	87%	4.92
GR	23	15	11.35	61%	11.00	30%	39%	96%	30%	83%	61%	52%	74%	3.96
IN	63	44	9.25	6%	23.94	81%	79%	100%	95%	90%	84%	81%	97%	5.48
IT	187	56	15.47	34%	8.34	60%	48%	91%	35%	76%	50%	70%	70%	3.93
MX	31	19	10.97	10%	10.16	52%	68%	97%	42%	39%	87%	90%	81%	4.35
NL	31	22	9.06	16%	20.87	81%	39%	81%	61%	35%	68%	84%	87%	4.16
PE	23	15	14.52	9%	12.96	43%	57%	96%	48%	4%	91%	78%	48%	3.65
PT	50	27	12.46	42%	12.18	58%	68%	100%	38%	80%	68%	78%	84%	4.48

Availability of VAP prevention standards: country averages of positive responses to the question (yes/no): “In my ICU, we have written clinical guidelines for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia”.
Existence of VAP surveillance system: country averages of positive responses to the question (yes/no): “in my ICU, we count and record VAP on a routine basis”.
VAP prevention measure 1: Head of bed elevation; VAP prevention measure 2: daily sedation and weaning protocol; VAP prevention measure 3: Oral care with chlorhexidine; VAP prevention measure 4: No ventilator circuit change unless indicated; VAP prevention measure 5: Cuff pressure control at lease every 24 hrs; VAP prevention measure 6: Strict hand hygiene using alcohol.
Only countries with >20 responses are included in Table 1.
Country appreviations: ES = SPAIN; FR = FRANCE; IT = ITALY; AT = AUSTRIA; GB = UNITED KINGDOM; DE = GERMANY; IN = INDIA; PT = PORTUGAL; AR = ARGENTINA; BE = BELGIUM; CO = COLOMBIA; MX = MEXICO; NL = NETHERLANDS; CH = SWITZERLAND; AU = AUSTRALIA; GR = GREECE; PE = PERU; BR = BRAZIL.

ISSN: 1471-2334