Biofilms and persistent wound infections in United States military trauma patients: a case–control analysis

BMC Infectious Diseases

Table 7 Univariate odds ratio analysis for persistent wound infection risk factors among deployment-injured U.S. service members

Potential Clinical Risk Factor^1,2	Odds Ratio	95% Confidence Interval	p-value
Infection location (non-groin/pelvis versus groin/pelvis)	5.47	1.65-23.39	0.003
Time from injury to 1^st positive culture	1.00	0.99-1.01	0.398
Multidrug resistance of organisms³	5.62	1.02-56.92	0.046
Biofilm production	29.49	6.24-infinity	<0.0001
PRBC requirements within 1^st 24 hours⁴	1.02	1.01-1.04	<0.001
Pathogen susceptibility to empiric antibiotics	0.47	0.01-10.22	1.00
Number of OR visits prior to and on date of infection diagnosis	2.05	1.09-4.28	0.022
Polymicrobial Infection	69.71	15.39-infinity	<0.0001
Presence of medical devices in the anatomic region of the wound infection	1.05	0.35-3.17	0.925

OR-operating room; PRBC-packed red blood cells plus whole blood; U.S.-United States.
¹Characteristics are on a per wound basis.
²The odds ratios for continuous predictors estimate the change in odds for a unit increase in the continuous predictor.
³Defined by demonstrating resistance to three or more antibiotic classes (aminoglycosides, β-lactams, carbapenems, and fluoroquinolones) or producing either extended spectrum β-lactamases or Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases [33].
⁴Blood product transfusion data is on a per patient basis.

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