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Table 3 Change in sexual behaviour between Sero5 and Sero6 associated with VCT use at Sero5, HIV-negative individuals

From: The impact of voluntary counselling and testing services on sexual behaviour change and HIV incidence: observations from a cohort study in rural Tanzania

 

N with outcome (%)

  
 

No VCT

Had VCT

Crude risk ratio (95% CI)

Adjusted risk ratio (95% CI)

Number of sex partners in last year

   
 

2336

%

502

%

  

No change

1732

74.1

338

67.3

1

1

Increase

272

11.6

74

14.7

1.39 (1.05, 1.85)**

1.13 (0.82, 1.55)

Decrease

332

14.2

90

17.9

1.39 (1.07, 1.80)**

1.68 (1.25, 2.26)***

Acquired or lost a spouse α

    
 

2346

%

500

%

  

No change

2043

87.1

423

84.6

1

1

Acquired

158

6.7

44

8.8

1.35 (0.95, 1.91)*

1.19 (0.82, 1.73)

Lost

145

6.2

33

6.6

1.1 (0.74, 1.63)

1.12 (0.74, 1.70)

Acquired or lost a regular non-cohabiting partner

  
 

2350

%

501

%

  

No change

2017

85.8

399

79.6

1

1

Acquired

90

3.8

23

4.6

1.29 (0.81, 2.07)

1.23 (0.73, 2.07)

Lost

243

10.3

79

15.8

1.64 (1.25, 2.16)***

1.48 (1.07, 2.04)**

Acquired or lost a high risk or casual partner Ω

  
 

2344

%

498

%

  

No change

2062

88.0

406

81.5

1

1

Acquired

153

6.5

48

9.6

1.59 (1.13, 2.24)**

1.28 (0.84, 1.95)

Lost

129

5.5

44

8.8

1.73 (1.21, 2.48)**

1.57 (1.06, 2.31)**

Condom use at last sex with spouse #

   
 

1379

%

332

%

  

No change

1345

97.5

326

98.2

1

1

Stopped using

18

1.3

3

0.9

0.69 (0.20, 2.35)

0.64 (0.18, 2.28)

Started using

16

1.2

3

0.9

0.77 (0.22, 2.67)

0.62 (0.17, 2.29)

Condom use at last sex with regular non-cohabiting partner #

 
 

75

%

29

%

  

No change

51

68.0

20

69.0

1

1

Stopped using

12

16.0

5

17.2

1.06 (0.33, 3.40)

0.70 (0.14, 3.54)

Started using

12

16.0

4

13.8

0.85 (0.24, 2.95)

0.32 (0.06, 1.63)

Condom use at last sex with high risk or casual partner

 
 

18

%

10

%

  

No change

10

55.6

6

60.0

1

1

Stopped using

1

5.6

2

20.0

3.33 (0.25, 45.11)

-

Started using

7

38.9

2

20.0

0.48 (0.07, 3.09)

-

Number times sex with spouse in last week #

 
 

1388

%

335

%

  

No change

384

27.7

81

24.2

1

1

Increase

296

21.3

68

20.3

1.09 (0.76, 1.56)

1.03 (0.71, 1.51)

Decrease

708

51.0

186

55.5

1.25 (0.93, 1.66)

1.3 (0.96, 1.77)

Number times sex with regular non-cohabiting partner in last week #

 
 

75

%

29

%

  

No change

27

36.0

11

37.9

1

1

Increase

19

25.3

7

24.1

0.9 (0.30, 2.76)

0.83 (0.21, 3.32)

Decrease

29

38.7

11

37.9

0.93 (0.35, 2.50)

0.92 (0.27, 3.14)

  1. All outcomes adjusted for age, sex, marital status, area of residence, level of education and previous VCT use as reported at the later sero-survey round.
  2. *p ≤ 0.1, **p ≤ 0.05, ***p ≤ 0.001.
  3. α‘Acquired or lost spouse’ was not adjusted for marital status (as this was the outcome).
  4. ΩQuestions related to ‘casual’ rather than ‘high risk’ partners at Sero6, however, the two categories were considered comparable.
  5. #Analyses conduced among those with relevant partner type at both rounds only.