Tuberculosis among people living with HIV/AIDS in the German ClinSurv HIV Cohort: long-term incidence and risk factors

Table 3 TB incidence density rate stratified by baseline demographic and clinical characteristics in the ClinSurv HIV Cohort, Germany 2001–2011

Characteristics	No. of patients	Person-years	No. with TB	TB IDR [95% CI]	Pvalue*
Total patients	11,631	45,698	170	0.37 [0.32-0.43]
Gender					0.04
Female	2,283	9,153	45	0.49 [0.37-0.66]
Male	9,347	36,536	125	0.34 [0.29-0.41]
Median age, years					0.41 (NS)
≤38	5,773	23,250	91	0.39 [0.32-0.48]
>38	5,838	22,387	78	0.35 [0.28-0.43]
Region of origin					<0.001
Germany	8,344	33,449	71	0.21 [0.17-0.27]
Sub-Sahara Africa	1,298	4,871	59	1.20 [0.94-1.56]
Other countries	1,789	6,710	34	0.52 [0.38-0.71]
HIV-transmission risk group category					<0.001
MSM	6,093	24,189	53	0.22 [0.17-0.28]
HPC	1,528	5,910	69	1.17 [0.92-1.48]
PWID	943	3,534	14	0.42 [0.23-0.67]
Others^†	1,846	7,768	22	0.28 [0.18-0.43]
CD4+ blood cell count (cells/μl)					<0.001
>350	5,037	19,702	44	0.22 [0.17-0.30]
200–350	2,459	9,893	37	0.36 [0.26-0.50]
<200	3,580	14,111	82	0.58 [0.47-0.72]
Viral load (log₁₀ copies/ml)					<0.001
<5	7,583	30,137	92	0.31 [0.25-0.37]
≥5	3,162	12,490	65	0.52 [0.41-0.66]
Antiretroviral therapy					<0.001
Never started cART	2,424	4,801	59	1.23 [0.95-1.59]
cART during follow-up	9,207	40,897	111	0.27 [0.23-0.33]
Follow-up					<0.001
First year	2,421	10,174	109	1.07 [0.89-1.29]
Second year	1,615	8,248	16	0.19 [0.12-0.32]

TB, tuberculosis; IDR, incidence density rate (cases per 100 person-years); CI, confidence interval; NS, non-significant; MSM, men who have sex with men; HPC, high HIV-prevalence countries; PWID, person who inject drugs; cART, combination antiretroviral therapy.
*Obtained by χ² test for difference in TB IDR.
^†Others included heterosexual, blood transfusion and mother to child transmission.

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