Response to antiretroviral therapy (ART): comparing women with previous use of zidovudine monotherapy (ZDVm) in pregnancy with ART naïve women

Table 2 Treatment outcomes for ART-naïve and ZDVm-experienced women starting therapeutic ART in 2000-2009

Variable	ZDVm-experienced N = 91		ART-naïve N = 1937		Unadjusted/Adjusted*	95% CI	p-value
Death/AIDS event within 1 year, n (%)	1	(1.1)	92	(4.8)	0.45	0.16-1.19	0.11
Death/AIDS event within 1 year, n (%)					0.59	0.22-1.60	0.30
CD4 cell count change at 6 months, median cells/mm³ (IQR)^a	106	(41–171)	106	(34–197)	−0.66	−49.5-24.6	0.51
CD4 cell count change at 6 months, median cells/mm³ (IQR)^a					−0.68	−44.6-29.2	0.68
CD4 cell count change at 12 months, median cells/mm³ (IQR)^b	153	(61–233)	160	(70–256)	−1.2	−71.3-18.1	0.24
					−0.83	−63.3-25.7	0.41
Virological suppression at 6 months, n (%)^c	53	(74.7)	1115	(74.4)	1.01	0.59-1.75	0.96
Virological suppression at 6 months, n (%)^c					1.00	0.56-1.73	0.97
Virological suppression at 12 months, n (%)^d	52	(78.8)	1108	(77.8)	1.06	0.58-1.94	0.85
Virological suppression at 12 months, n (%)^d					1.06	0.57-1.96	0.86
Achieved virological suppression within 1 year, n (%)^e	75	(86.2)	1408	(84.7)	1.30	1.03-1.64	0.03
Achieved virological suppression within 1 year, n (%)^e					1.28	1.01-1.62	0.04
Virological rebound among those achieving virological suppression within 6 months, n (%)^f	16	(22.9)	197	(16.6)	1.54	0.93-2.57	0.10
					1.51	0.90-2.53	0.12

^aZDVm: n = 59 and ART-naïve: n = 1272; ^bZDVm: n = 58 and ART-naïve: n = 1192; ^cZDVm: n = 71 and ART-naïve: n = 1499; ^dZDVm: n = 66 and ART-naïve: n = 1424; ^eZDVm: n = 70 and ART-naïve: n = 1189; ^fZDVm: n = 70 and ART-naïve: n = 1189.
Estimates are odds ratios (viral suppression at 6 and 12 months), hazard ratios (death/AIDS event, virological suppression within 1 year, virological rebound) or difference in medians (CD4 cell count change at 6 and 12 months).
*Variables adjusted for are: age at start of ART, exposure group, ethnicity, time since HIV-diagnosis, year of starting ART, previous AIDS event, baseline viral load category, baseline CD4 count category and hepatitis B/C co-infection.

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