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Figure 2 | BMC Infectious Diseases

Figure 2

From: Impact of HIV co-infection on plasma level of cytokines and chemokines of pulmonary tuberculosis patients

Figure 2

Unstimulated plasma samples from HIV negative TB cases before treatment, after treatment (n = 17) and HIV positive TB cases before treatment and after treatment (n = 16) was assessed by multiplex cytokine analysis. A) Growth factors (EGF and VEGF) B) Pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL 12(p40), and TNF) C) Anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and IL-4) and D) Chemokines (IP-10, MCP-1, MCP-3, MIP-1β and fractalkine). Horizontal lines indicate median of HIV negative TB cases before treatment (filled circles), HIV negative TB cases after treatment (filled triangle), HIV positive TB cases before treatment (filled diamond) and HIV positive TB cases after treatment (filled inverted triangle). Data were analysed using nonparametric Mann–Whitney test with p-values indicating significant differences after transformation of data to Log10 values *p < 0.05.

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