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Table 3 Regression analyses comparing the impact of antiretroviral therapy components on biomarker changes

From: Comparative impact of antiretroviral drugs on markers of inflammation and immune activation during the first two years of effective therapy for HIV-1 infection: an observational study

  

Univariable

Multivariable*

Marker

Antiretrovirals

Mean fold change percentage difference (95% CI)

P value

Mean fold change percentage difference (95% CI)

P value

IL-6

TDF/FTC

Ref.

   

ABC/3TC

1 (-67 to 41)

0.97

4 (-80 to 49)

0.90

EFV

Ref.

   

ATV/r

-39 (-120 to 12)

0.16

-20 (-101 to 28)

0.48

LPV/r

38 (-8 to 63)

0.09

43 (-23 to 74)

0.15

hs-CRP

TDF/FTC

Ref.

   

ABC/3TC

18 (-77 to 62)

0.60

7 (-155 to 66)

0.88

EFV

Ref.

   

ATV/r

-16 (-139 to 43)

0.68

-34 (-203 to 41)

0.47

LPV/r

16 (-97 to 63)

0.67

41 (-29 to 82)

0.39

sCD14

TDF/FTC

Ref.

   

ABC/3TC

7 (-13 to 3)

0.48

14 (-8 to 31)

0.18

EFV

Ref.

   

ATV/r

-14 (-36 to 4)

0.13

-19 (-43 to 1)

0.06

LPV/r

-6 (-31 to 14)

0.57

-4 (-36 to 21)

0.77

IP10

TDF/FTC

Ref.

   

ABC/3TC

16 (-22 to 42)

0.36

30 (-6 to 54)

0.09

EFV

Ref.

   

ATV/r

-55 (-118 to -12)

0.01

-57 (-120 to -11)

0.011

LPV/r

-26 (-92 to 17)

0.27

-4 (-80 to 39)

0.87

MIG

TDF/FTC

Ref.

   

ABC/3TC

-8 (-103 to 42)

0.80

24 (-62 to 65)

0.47

EFV

Ref.

   

ATV/r

-146 (-306 to -45)

0.001

-136 (-339 to -27)

0.007

 

LPV/r

-151 (-395 to -31)

0.006

-48 (-297 to 45)

0.44

  1. TDF, Tenofovir; FTC, Emtricitabine; ABC, Abacavir; 3TC, lamivudine; EFV, Efavirenz; ATV/r, Atazanavir/ritonavir; LPV/r, Lopinavir/ritonavir; IL6, Interleukin-6; hs-CRP, Highly-sensitive C-reactive protein; sCD14, soluble CD14; 1P10, Interferon-γ-inducible protein 10; MIG, Monokine induced by interferon-γ; CI, Confidence Interval.
  2. *Adjusted for age, smoking, prior AIDS, baseline CD4 cell count, baseline HIV viral load, HCV or HBV coinfection, and viral blips.