Table 1 Prevalence of sputum smear positivity and cavitation by patient characteristics among pulmonary TB patients
Smear positive | Cavitation | |
|---|---|---|
Characteristic | n/N (%) | n/N (%) |
Overall | 691/766 (90%) | 158/310 (51%) |
HIV status | ||
HIV positive | 416/475 (88%) | 72/164 (44%) |
HIV negative | 275/291 (95%) | 86/146 (59%) |
ART status | ||
HIV positive not on ART | 242/284 (85%) | 34/84 (40%) |
HIV positive on ART 0 – 6 months | 93/100 (93%) | 16/39 (41%) |
HIV positive on ART >6 months | 81/91 (89%) | 22/41 (54%) |
History of previous TB | ||
No | 606/668 (91%) | 140/279 (50%) |
Yes | 82/91 (90%) | 18/30 (60%) |
Age (years) | ||
15 – 29 | 175/185 (95%) | 47/81 (58%) |
30 – 44 | 331/368 (90%) | 68/142 (48%) |
45 – 59 | 133/152 (88%) | 31/59 (53%) |
≥60 | 52/61 (85%) | 12/28 (43%) |
Sex | ||
Male | 365/398 (92%) | 92/175 (53%) |
Female | 326/368 (89%) | 66/135 (49%) |
Education | ||
Never or lower primary | 187/206 (91%) | 41/78 (53%) |
Higher primary | 306/339 (90%) | 76/134 (57%) |
Secondary | 107/113 (95%) | 25/47 (53%) |
Tertiary | 76/91 (84%) | 13/44 (30%) |
Occupation | ||
Farmer | 349/387 (90%) | 86/156 (55%) |
Professional | 60/67 (90%) | 7/29 (24%) |
Skilled manual | 86/90 (96%) | 20/41 (49%) |
Unskilled | 108/122 (89%) | 26/46 (57%) |
Small trader | 68/78 (87%) | 12/26 (46%) |