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Table 4 Characteristics for ICU admission and death among patients with asthma hospitalized with 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Infection: comparison of patients with asthma admitted to an ICU or who died versus patients with asthma who were not admitted to an ICU and survived (n = 137)

From: Asthma in patients hospitalized with pandemic influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection–United States, 2009

Characteristic

Intensive care unit or deaths

Non-intensive care unit survivors

P-Value*

 

No. (%) (n = 38)

No. (%) (n = 99)

 

Median days from onset to admission (range)

2 (0 – 15)

2 (0 – 20)

0.52

Admission within 2 days of illness onset

20 (53)

54 (55)

0.80

Median length of stay- days (range)

6 (0 – 47)

2 (1 – 10)

<0.01

Age 2–17 years old

12/38 (32)

42/99 (42)

0.24

Underlying medical condition excluding asthma

20 (53)

44 (44)

0.39

Pregnancy

3 (8)

5 (5)

0.83

Current smoker

7 (22)

16 (18)

0.82

Obese or morbidly obese

8/29 (28)

21/69 (30)

0.29

Tachypnea

23/38 (61)

37/99 (37)

<0.01

Tachycardia

28/38 (74)

60/99 (60)

0.12

Mechanical ventilation

16/38 (42)

0/99 (0)

<0.01

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

9/38 (24)

0/99 (0)

<0.01

Sepsis syndrome

6/38 (16)

0/99 (0)

<0.01

Pneumonia at admission

22/37 (60)

23/86 (27)

<0.01

Seasonal flu vaccination

8/25 (32)

23/29 (39)

0.45

Influenza antiviral agent receipt

   

 Any during hospitalization

32/38 (84)

68/99 (69)

0.07

 ≤2 days of illness onset

13/32 (41)

36/66 (55)

0.14

 ≤2 days of admission

22/30 (73)

57/62 (92)

0.02

Median days from illness onset to antiviral initiation (range)

3 (0 – 15)

2 (0 – 15)

0.15

Other treatment

   

 Antibiotics

35/38 (92)

64/99 (65)

<0.01

 Steroids

25/38 (66)

58/99 (59)

0.45

  1. *P-Values stratified by age-group.
  2. Body-Mass Index (BMI) was calculated for a subset of patients for whom height and weight were available to determine obesity (BMI 30–39.9 in adults ≥18 years or BMI percentile 95–100 in children 2 to 18 years old) and morbid obesity (BMI ≥40 in adults only); pregnant women were excluded from this calculation.