From: Chlamydia prevalence in the general population: is there a sex difference? a systematic review
Authors (publication year) [Reference] | Overall | Men | Women | Prevalence difference by sex (p or OR) | Calculated risk difference by sex (M-F) | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | ||||
Valkengoed (2000)[31] | NS | 2.4 (1.7-3.0) | 2.8 (2.2-3.4) | NS | −0.4 | −1.31 ; 0.51 |
Fenton (2001)[32] | NS | 2.2 (1.5-3.2) | 1.5 (1.1-2.1) | NS | 0.7 | −0.21 ; 1.62 |
Obasi (2001)[33] | 1.8 (NS) | 1.0 (0.8-1.4) | 2.4 (2.3-2.9) | OR 2.4 (NS) | −1.4 | −1.92 ; -0.88† |
Turner(2002)[34] | 3.0 (SE 0.8) | 1.6 (NS) | 4.3 (NS) | NS | −2.7 | −5.38 ; -0.02† |
Miller (2004)[35] | 4.2 (3.5-4.9) | 3.7 (2.9-4.6) | 4.7 (3.9-5.7) | OR 1.3(1.0-1.6) | −1.0 | −1.66 ; -0.34† |
Joyee (2004)[36] | 1.1 (0.5-1.7) | 1.2 (0.4-2.0) | 1.1 (0.5-1.7) | P > 0.05 | 0.1 | −1.02 ; 1.22 |
Latif (2004)[37] | 9.6 (NS) | 9.0 (NS) | 10.0 (NS) | NS | −1.0 | −4.02 ; 2.02 |
Klavs (2004)[29] | NS | 3.0 (1.9-4.6) | 1.6 (1.0-2.7) | NS | 1.4 | −0.33 ; 3.13 |
Bergen (2005)[38] | 2.0 (1.7-2.3) | 1.5 (1.1-1.9) | 2.5 (2.0-3.0) | P < 0.001 | −1.0 | −1.60 ; -0.39† |
Götz (2005)[39] | 2.4 (2.1-2.8) | 2.0 (1.4-2.7) | 2.6 (2.2-3.2) | OR 1.4; P = 0.08 | −0.6 | −1.38 ; 0.18 |
Macleod (2005)[40] | 3.0 (2.3-3.9) | 2.8 (2.2-3.4) | 3.6 (3.1-4.9) | NS | −0.8 | −1.81 ; 0.21 |
Low (2007)[19] | NS | 5.3 (4.4-6.3) | 6.2 (4.9-7.8) | NS | −0.9 | −2.51 ; 0.71 |
Deblina Datta (2007)[41] | 2.2 (1.8-2.8) | 2.0 (1.6-2.5) | 2.5 (1.8-3.4) | NS | −0.5 | −1.21 ; 0.21 |
Stein (2008)[42] | NS | 3.9 (3.1-4.8) | 5.1 (4.2-6.0) | NS | −1.2 | −1.98 ; -0.43† |
Adams (2008)[43] | 11.3 (8.4-14.2) | 12.1 (7.7-16.5) | 10.6 (6.7-14.5) | P = 0.643 | 1.5 | −4.75 ; 7.75 |
Uusküla (2008)[44] | 5.4 (3.0-7.5)* | 2.7 (0.3-5.0)* | 6.9 (3.6-10.3)* | NS | −4.2 | −7.64 ; -0.76† |
Beydoun (2010)[45] | 1.6 (1.3-1.9) | 1.7 (NS) | 1.6 (NS) | P = 0.8 | 0.1 | −0.57 ; 0.77 |
Imai (2010)[46] | NS | 6.7 (NS) | 9.5 (NS) | NS | −2.8 | −4.12 ; -1.48† |
Goulet (2010)[47] | NS | 1.4 (0.8-2.6) | 1.6 (1.0-2.5) | NS | −0.2 | −1.14 ; 0.74 |
Parish (2011)[48] | NS | 2.1 (1.3-3.3)* | 2.6 (1.6-4.1)* | NS | −0.5 | −1.72 ; 0.72 |
Desai (2011)[28] | 0.9 (0.5-1.3) | 0.1 (0.0-0.3) | 1.8 (0.9-2.6) | P < 0.001 | −1.7 | −2.61 ; -0.79† |
Bozicevic (2011)[49] | 6.2 (3.3-9.1) | 7.3 (NS) | 5.3 (NS) | P = 0.491 | 2.0 | −3.82 ; 7.82 |
Eggleston (2011)[50] | 3.9 (2.8-5.0) | 4.5 (2.4-6.5) | 3.4 (2.2-4.6) | OR 0.6; P = 0.16 | 1.1 | −0.64 ; 2.84 |
Gravningen (2012)[51] | 4.1 (3.3-5.3) | 3.9 (2.3-6.0) | 7.3 (5.3-9.7) | NS | −3.4 | −6.17 ; -0.63† |
Klovstad (2012)[52] | 5.5 (4.5-6.8) | 5.1 (3.8-6.8) | 5.8 (4.5-6.8) | NS | −0.7 | −3.01 ; 1.61 |