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Table 3 Risk of death associated with spontaneous non- Haemophilus influenzae gram-negative bacillary meningitis adjusted for other clinical predictors

From: Spontaneous gram-negative bacillary meningitis in adult patients: characteristics and outcome

Risk factor

Adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval)

p

Etiology

  

Neisseria meningitidis

1.000 (reference)

 

• Gram-negative bacilli

20.474 (4.034–103.929)

< 0.001

Listeria monocytogenes

11.369 (2.174–59.441)

0.004

Streptococcus pneumoniae

5.896 (1.485–23.407)

0.012

• Other microorganisms

5.673 (1.096–39.379)

0.039

Age (≥ 65 years)

3.373 (1.462–7.780)

0.004

Positive blood culture

2.818 (1.079–7.359)

0.034

Inappropriate initial antibiotic therapy

13.184 (3.520–49.378)

< 0.001

Shock

8.929 (3.037–26.258)

< 0.001

Coagulation disorder

4.243 (1.149–15.666)

0.030

Acute renal failure

3.884 (1.440–10.473)

0.007

Neurological complications

19.441 (7.782–48.566)

< 0.001

  1. Nagelkerke’s R2 of the adjusted model = 0.710.