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Table 4 Distribution of probable medication changes for MDR-TB patients (N = 13)

From: Application of quantitative second-line drug susceptibility testing at a multidrug-resistant tuberculosis hospital in Tanzania

Modification

Frequency (% N)

Ethionamide change to para-aminosalicylic acid

7 (54)

Ofloxacin or levofloxacin change to high-dose levofloxacin

6 (46)

Kanamycin change to amikacin

3 (23)

Amikacin or kanamycin empiric change to capreomycina

3 (23)

Amikacin change to kanamycin

1 (8)

  1. aTerm empiric change used because amikacin and kanamycin were both resistant or of borderline susceptibility, and use of capreomycin has been empirically advocated in this setting [1], but capreomycin testing was not performed in this study. In 2 subjects with borderline susceptible cycloserine another class switch was not available. They were each receiving cycloserine at 500 mg daily and while escalation of dose to 750 mg daily is possible (split in two doses in morning and before bed), such increase may have prohibitive neuropsychiatric toxicity.