Table 4 Predictive factors for in-hospital death within 14 days afteradmission
From: Age-related differences in symptoms, diagnosis and prognosis of bacteremia
Alive at 14 days(608 patients;% within thisgroup) | Patients that died within 14 days(72 patients;%within this group) | Bivariate analyses OR(95% CI) | Multivariate analysis; full main effectsmodel*OR(95%CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age ≥ 65 years | 386 (63.5) | 66 (91.7) | 6.33 (2.70 - 14.83) | 15.02 (3.68 - 61.29) |
Male gender | 246 (40.5) | 43 (59.7) | 2.18 (1.33 - 3.59) | 1.93 (1.002 - 3.70) |
S. pneumoniae | 196 (32.2) | 34 (47.2) | 1.88 (1.15 - 3.08) | 2.79 (1.43 - 5.46) |
Comorbid illnesses ≥ 1 | 355 (58.1) | 59 (81.9) | 3.27 (1.76 – 6.09) | 2.61 (1.11 - 6.14) |
Immunmodulating and other medication | ||||
Warfarin | 51 (8.5) | 5 (7.0) | 0.82 (0.32 - 2.12) | |
Corticosteroids1 on a daily basis | 28 (4.7) | 6 (8.5) | 1.89 (0.75 - 4.73) | |
Cytostatic treatment within last 14 days | 5 (0.8) | 2 (2.8) | 3.46 (0.66 - 18.15) | |
Immunosuppressive drugs | 6 (1.0) | 1 (1.4) | 1.42 (0.17 - 11.94) | |
Number of symptoms | ||||
Number of symptoms ≥ 5 | 69 (11.4) | 8 (11.3) | 0.99 (0.45 – 2.15) | |
“Classical symptoms”2≥ 3 | 236 (39.0) | 17 (23.9) | 0.49 (0.28 – 0.87) | |
“Atypical symptoms”3 ≥1 | 296 (48.4) | 44 (61.1) | 1.67 (1.02 – 2.76) | |
Prehospital tentative diagnosis | ||||
Infection | 303 (49.6) | 28 (38.9) | 0.65 (0.39 – 1.07) | |
Non-specifica | 81 (13.3) | 8 (11.1) | 0.82 (0.38 – 1.77) | |
Site of infection | ||||
Urinary tractus | 241 (39.6) | 14 (19.4) | 0.37 (0.20 - 0.67) | |
Lower respiratory tractus | 193 (31.7) | 35 (48.6) | 2.03 (1.24 - 3.33) | |
Othersb | 95 (15.6%) | 12 (16.7%) | 1.08 (0.56 – 2.08) | |
Inconclusive | 79 (13.0) | 11 (15.3) | 1.21 (0.61 - 2.39) | |
Local immunocompromizing condition (at site of infection) | ||||
Significant anatomical or physiological abnormality | 206 (38.9) | 17 (27.9) | 0.61 (0.34 - 1.09) | |
Surgical procedure performed within 14 days priorto admittance | 54 (8.9) | 1 (1.4) | 0.15 (0.02 - 1.11) | |
Signs of infection in the emergency department | ||||
Fever (≥ 38.5°C) | 402 (67.2) | 36 (52.9) | 0.55 (0.33 - 0.91) | 0.46 (0.24 - 0.89) |
Hypothermia (< 36 ° C) | 7 (1.2) | 3 (4.2) | 3.90 (0.98 – 15.44) | |
Tachycardia | 383 (63.6) | 44 (63.8) | 1.01 (0.60 – 1.69) | |
Tachypnoe and/or hyperventilation | 215 (35.3) | 40 (55.6) | 2.29 (1.40 - 3.75) | |
Leukocytosis (≥ 15000/μl) | 255 (41.9) | 25 (35.2) | 0.75 (0.45 – 1.26) | |
Leukopenia (< 3000/μl) | 21 (3.5) | 16 (22.5) | 8.13 (4.01 - 16.49) | 4.62 (1.88 - 11.37) |
CRP ≥ 80 mg/L | 457 (75.2) | 57 (79.2) | 1.26 (0.69 – 2.28) | |
CRP ≥ 200 mg/L | 280 (46.1) | 44 (61.1) | 1.84 (1.12 – 3.04) | |
Decline in general health | 244 (40.2) | 45 (62.5) | 2.48 (1.50 - 4.10) | |
New-onset atrial fibrillation | 84 (14.0) | 20 (28.2) | 2.41 (1.37 - 4.25) | |
Number of failing organs within one day after admission | - | - | 3.25 (2.48 - 4.26) | 3.06 (2.2 - 4.27) |