|
Variable
|
Univariate analysis
|
Multivariate analysis
|
|---|
|
Inappropriate empirical therapy
|
RR (95% CI)
|
P value
|
OR
|
RR (95% CI)
|
P value
|
|---|
|
No. (%)
|
|---|
|
Gender
|
Male
|
33/195 (17)
|
Ref.
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Female
|
24/144 (17)
|
1.0 (0.6–1.6)
|
0.95
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Type of acquisition
|
CA
|
23/149 (15)
|
Ref.
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
HCA
|
34/190 (18)
|
1.2 (0.7–1.9)
|
0.5
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Ambulatory IV therapy
|
No
|
46/300 (15)
|
Ref.
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Yes
|
11/39 (28)
|
1.8 (1.1–3.2)
|
0.04
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Type of hospital
|
Tertiary
|
40/253 (16)
|
Ref.
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Community
|
17/86 (20)
|
1.25 (0.7–2.1)
|
0.4
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Cancer
|
No
|
38/260 (15)
|
Ref.
|
-
|
1,9
|
1,04-3,78
|
0,03
|
|
Yes
|
19/79 (24)
|
1.65 (1.0 –2.7)
|
0.05
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Urinary catheter
|
No
|
45/295 (15)
|
Ref.
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Yes
|
12/44 (27)
|
1.8 (1.1–3.1)
|
0.05
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Central vascular Catheter
|
No
|
48/304 (16)
|
Ref.
|
-
|
2,0
|
1,09-3,81
|
0,02
|
|
Yes
|
9/35 (26)
|
1.6 (0.9–3.0)
|
0.1
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Previous antibiotics
|
No
|
36/251 (14)
|
Ref.
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Yes
|
21/87 (24)
|
1.7 (1.1–2.7)
|
0.03
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Previous surgery
|
No
|
53/328 (16)
|
Ref.
|
-
|
2,0
|
1,04-3,78
|
0,03
|
|
Yes
|
4/11 (36)
|
2.25 (1.0–5.1)
|
0.08
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Neutropenia
|
No
|
53/324 (16)
|
Ref.
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Yes
|
4/15 (27)
|
1.6 (0.7– 3.9)
|
0.3
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
ICU admission
|
No
|
50/317 (16)
|
Ref.
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Yes
|
7/22 (32)
|
2.0 (1.4–3.9)
|
0.05
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Severity of SIRS
|
Sepsis
|
45/244 (18)
|
Ref.
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Severe sepsis or shock
|
12/95 (13)
|
0.7 (0.4–1.2)
|
0.2
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Source of BSI
|
Urinary tract
|
8/87 (9)
|
Ref.
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Respiratory tract
|
7/48 (15)
|
1.6 (0.6–4.1)
|
0.3
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Other source
|
6/40 (15)
|
1.6 (0.6–4.4)
|
0.3
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Intraabdominal
|
15/71 (21)
|
2.3 (1.1–5.1)
|
0.03
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Unknown
|
14/65 (21.5)
|
2.3 (1.1–5.2)
|
0.03
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Catheter
|
7/24 (29)
|
3.2 (1.3–7.9)
|
0.01
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Polymicrobial
|
No
|
48/318 (15)
|
Ref.
|
-0.001
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Yes
|
9/21 (43)
|
2.8 (1.6–5.0)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Etiology
|
S. pneumoniae
|
3/36 (8)
|
Ref.
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
S. aureus
|
3/31 (10)
|
1.2 (0.2–5.3)
|
0.8
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
E. coli
|
13/123 (11)
|
1.3 (0.4–1.2)
|
0.7
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
K. pneumoniae
|
4/24 (16)
|
2.0 (0.5–8.1)
|
0.3
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
P. aeruginosa
|
4/14 (29)
|
3.4 (0.9–13.4)
|
0.06
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
CNS
|
9/24 (37)
|
4.5 (1.4–15.)
|
0.01
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Enterococcus spp.
|
7/13 (54)
|
6.5 (2.0–21.3)
|
<0.001
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Enterobacter spp
|
6/9 (67)
|
8.0 (2.5–26.0)
|
<0.001
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Multi-drug- resistant bacteria
|
No
|
50/307 (16)
|
Ref.
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Yes
|
7/32 (22)
|
1.3 (0.7–2.7)
|
0.4
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
RR relative risk, CI confidence interval, Ref reference, ICU intensive care unit, CNS coagulase-negative staphylococci.
