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Table 1 Comparison of qualitative and quantitative variables in HIV-infected individuals according to age group, followed in two referral hospitals in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil

From: Risk factors for subclinical atherosclerosis in HIV-infected patients under and over 40 years: a case–control study

Variables

< 40 years (n=351)

≥ 40 years (n=346)

p-value

Sociodemographics

   

Age (years) – Mean (SD)

31.8 (4.96)

47.8 (6.14)

< 0.001

Male (%)

59.5

57.8

0.641

White (%)

25.6

24.9

0.811

Stable partner (%)

19.4

24.3

0.117

Habits

   

Smoking (%)

23.0

22.0

0.725

Alcohol consumption (%)

40.4

35.2

0.167

Injecting drugs use (%)

6.0

3.8

0.368

Clinical characteristics

   

Diabetes (%)

0.9

6.2

< 0.001

Lipodystrophy (%)

31.5

39.8

0.024

Dyslipidemia (%)

16.1

31.7

< 0.001

Metabolic syndrome (%)

16.9

31.3

< 0.001

HIV-related characteristics

   

Time elapsed since diagnosis HIV (in months -DP)

40.5 (37.5)

58.4 (49.6)

< 0.001

CD4 T-lymphocytes baseline - Median (P25 – P75)

323 (158 – 498)

258 (94 – 473)

0.005*

Viral load baseline - Median (P25 – P75)

29600 (3341 – 134000)

57400 (6170 – 205000)

0.026*

CD4 T-lymphocytes current - Median (P25 – P75)

391 (262 – 535)

383 (242 – 564)

0.949*

Viral load, current undetectable (%)**

31.7

46.7

0.005

HAART duration (in months) Median (P25–P75)

23.5 (9.9 – 42.6)

36.3 (17.7 – 65.2)

< 0.001*

NNTRI Use (%)

36.6

47.1

0.005

PI use (%)

21.7

26.9

0.112

Without HAART (%)

41.3

25.7

< 0.001

Laboratory tests

   

Total cholesterol (mg/dL) - Mean (SD)

163.5 (40.0)

189.6 (54.5)

< 0.001

LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) - Mean (SD)

93.9 (38.8)

106.7 (40.8)

0.001

HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) - Mean (SD)

42.2 (13.6)

43.5 (14.1)

0.216

Triglycerides (mg/dL) - Mean (SD)

148.8 (102.8)

204.6 (213.0)

< 0.001

USG of carotid arteries

   

Presence of sublinical atherosclerosis (%)

23.4

66.5

< 0.001

Carotid intima thickness (mm) - Median (SD)

0.742 (0.084)

0.841 (0.150)

< 0.001

  1. * Kruskal - Wallis test.
  2. ** 328 patients with viral load information.