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Table 2 Burden of invasive pneumococcal disease, stratified by risk group

From: Clinical and economic burden of invasive pneumococcal disease in adults: a multicenter hospital-based study

 

High-risk group

p-value

 

Total (n=264)

18-49 Years (n=38)

50-64 Years (n=112)

65-74 Years (n=86)

≥75 Years (n=28)

 

Duration of hospitalization

20.1±19.3

22.0±16.5

21.7±21.9

17.3±14.4

19.4±24.2

0.41

ICU admission, no. (%)

84 (31.8)

13 (34.2)

33 (29.5)

28 (32.6)

10 (35.7)

0.9

Duration of ICU admission

3.4±8.7

3.2±7.2

2.7±6.2

3.1±7.5

6.7±17.8

0.19

Case fatality rate, no. (%)*

89/252 (35.3)

8/38 (21.1)a

33/107 (30.8)a

30/82 (40.0)a

18/25 (72.0)b

< 0.01

Time to death (days)

9.7±8.5

9.6±5.9

10.6±9.1

8.6±7.9

9.7±9.9

0.85

Direct medical costs per case†

     

0.76

Mean (95% CI)

US $7,667

US $6,990

US $7,135

US $8,609

US $7,880

 
 

(6,395-8,938)

(4,464-9,516)

(5,746-8,524)

(5,648-11,569)

(2,297-13,462)

 

Median (IQR)

US $5,552

US $6,749

US $5,612

US $5,472

US $3,262

 
 

(2,567-9,872)

(2,474-9,948)

(3,007-9,650)

(3,278-10,442)

(1,532-10,034)

 
 

Moderate-risk group

p -value

 

Total ( n =423)

18-49 years ( n =91)

50-64 years ( n =147)

65-74 years ( n =108)

≥75 years ( n =77)

 

Duration of hospitalization

17.8±26.1

15.3±15.7

17.7±17.3

19.0±24.4

19.0±45.3

0.76

ICU admission, no. (%)

191 (45.2)

35 (38.5)

68 (46.3)

46 (42.6)

42 (54.5)

0.19

Duration of ICU admission

5.3±20.8

3.2±6.4

5.2±10.9

4.7±8.9

9.0±44.9

0.33

Case fatality rate, no. (%)*

110/397 (27.7)

19/88 (21.6)

37/144 (25.7)

28/96 (29.2)

26/69 (37.7)

0.14

Time to death (days)

7.4±6.8

6.3±5.3

8.8±7.7

7.1±6.1

6.5±6.9

0.45

Direct medical costs per case†

     

0.03

Mean (95% CI)

US $7,037

US $5,404a

US $8,756b

US $6,964ab

US $5,730a

 
 

(6,120-7,955)

(4,191-6,617)

(6,650-10,861)

(5,395-8,532)

(4,423-7,037)

 

Median (IQR)

US $4,517

US $3,685

US $4,956

US $4,664

US $4,679

 
 

(2,432-7,961)

(2,405-6,805)

(2,797-10,003)

(2,402-9,499)

(1,879-7,057)

 
 

Low-risk group

p -value

 

Total ( n =283)

18-49 years ( n =86)

50-64 years ( n =61)

65-74 years ( n =72)

≥75 years ( n =64)

 

Duration of hospitalization

19.0±25.6

19.0±20.9

21.9±21.2

19.9±27.4

15.4±32.3

0.55

ICU admission, no. (%)

139 (49.1)

33 (38.4)

31 (50.8)

40 (55.6)

35 (54.7)

0.11

Duration of ICU admission

6.8±13.8

5.9±13.6

8.3±14.3

6.8±13.1

6.8±14.7

0.78

Case fatality rate, no. (%)*

82/260 (31.5)

11/81 (13.6)a

13/58 (22.4)a

28/65 (43.1)b

30/56 (53.6)b

< 0.01

Time to death (days)

7.9±9.0

10.2±15.4

9.2±10.3

9.3±8.1

5.3±5.2

0.26

Direct medical costs per case†

     

0.69

Mean (95% CI)

US $7,903

US $6,849

US $8,528

US $8,557

US $8,090

 
 

(6,675-9,131)

(4,931-8,766)

(5,715-11,342)

(6,239-10,875)

(4,727-11,453)

 

Median (IQR)

US $4,968

US $4,448

US $5,726

US $5,896

US $3,367

 
 

(2,187-9,613)

(1,856-8,574)

(3,443-8,858)

(2,178-11,733)

(1,879-9,308)

 
  1. IQR, inter-quartile range.
  2. NOTE: The same letters (alphabetical superscripts) indicate non-significant differences between groups based on either Tukey’s multiple comparison tests or chi-square tests.
  3. * Case fatality rates were based only on patients whose survival or death was confirmed.
  4. †KRW1200=US$1.