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Table 3 30-day-mortality according to LRTI manifestation group overall and stratified by subgroups

From: Impact of positive chest X-ray findings and blood cultures on adverse outcomes following hospitalized pneumococcal lower respiratory tract infection: a population-based cohort study

Prognostic factor No infiltrate and no bacteraemia patients Infiltrate without bacteraemia patients Bacteraemia patients
  n (%) Crude MRR (95 % CI) a Adjusted MRR (95% CI) a,b n (%) Crude MRR (95% CI) a Adjusted MRR (95% CI) a,b n (%) Crude MRR (95 % CI) a Adjusted MRR (95% CI) a,b
All patients 9 (5) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 27 (11) 2.4 (1.1-5.0) 1.9 (0.9-4.1) 54 (21) 4.8 (2.4-9.6) 4.1 (2.0-8.5)
Age group (years)
  15-49 0 (0) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 3 (8) NA NA 2 (4) NA NA
  50-74 5 (4) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 13 (10) 2.3 (0.8-6.6) 2.1 (0.7-6.0) 28 (22) 5.5 (2.1-14.3) 5.2 (2.0-13.8)
  ≥75 4 (7) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 11 (13) 1.8 (0.6-5.8) 1.6 (0.5-5.3) 24 (28) 4.1 (1.4-11.9) 3.3 (1.1-9.9)
Sex           
  Women 3 (4) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 7 (8) 2.2 (0.6-8.3) 2.2 (0.6-9.0) 20 (16) 4.7 (1.4-15.9) 4.3 (1.2-15.6)
  Men 6 (5) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 20 (13) 2.3 (0.9-5.8) 1.8 (0.7-4.5) 34 (24) 4.9 (2.1-11.7) 4.2 (1.7-10.3)
Comorbidity index
  Index low (0) 1 (3) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 4 (6) 2.1 (0.2-18.6) 1.5 (0.2-14.7) 15 (15) 5.7 (0.7-42.8) 4.1 (0.5-32.5)
  Index medium (1–2) 2 (2) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 13 (14) 7.1 (1.6-31.5) 5.8 (1.3-26.2) 14 (17) 8.9 (2.0-39.1) 8.1 (1.8-36.8)
  Index high (≥3) 5 (9) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 10 (12) 1.1 (0.4-3.1) 0.8 (0.3-2.3) 25 (31) 3.5 (1.4-8.5) 2.9 (1.2-7.3)
Chronic pulmonary disease c
  Yes 6 (5) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 12 (11) 2.0 (0.7-5.3) 1.3 (0.5-3.5) 14 (24) 4.8 (1.9-12.6) 3.8 (1.4-10.3)
  No 3 (4) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 15 (11) 3.1 (0.9-10.5) 2.6 (0.7-9.4) 40 (20) 5.7 (1.8-18.6) 4.5 (1.4-14.9)
CRP (mg/L)
  <100 1 (1) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 8 (10) 10.7 (1.3-85.8) 11.3 (1.4-95.4) 7 (32) 35.6 (4.4-290) 27.6 (2.8-267)
  100-199 3 (6) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 6 (9) 1.5 (0.4-6.1) 1.1 (0.2-5.3) 4 (13) 2.2 (0.5-9.6) 2.8 (0.5-15.7)
  ≥200 4 (17) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 12 (13) 0.8 (0.3-2.4) 0.6 (0.2-2.1) 41 (21) 1.3 (0.5-3.6) 1.3 (0.5-3.6)
Leukocyte count (109/L)
  <3,5 1 (100) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 3 (38) 0.1 (0.0-2.1) NA 8 (47) 0.3 (0.0-2.3) 0.2 (0.0-3.4)
  3.5-8.7 0 (0) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 1 (4) NA NA 7 (32) NA NA
  8.8-14.9 3 (3) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 12 (12) 3.7 (1.1-13.3) 2.8 (0.7-10.4) 8 (14) 4.4 (1.2-16.4) 2.7 (0.7-11.6)
  ≥15.0 4 (6) 1.0 (ref.) 1.0 (ref.) 10 (10) 1.7 (0.5-5.4) 1.3 (0.4-4.4) 29 (19) 3.5 (1.2-10.0) 3.2 (1.1-9.5)
  1. LRTI, lower respiratory tract infection; MRR, mortality rate ratio; CI, confidence interval; ref, reference; NA, not applicable because of too few events to calculate MRRs; CRP, C-reactive protein.
  2. a MRR estimates are calculated using cox-regression.
  3. b MRR estimates are adjusted for age, sex, comorbidity, smoking, and alcohol intake (except when stratified by variable).
  4. c Chronic pulmonary disease: ICD-8: 490–493, 515–518. ICD-10: DJ40-DJ47, DJ60-DJ67, DJ68.4, DJ70.1, DJ70.3, DJ84.1, DJ92.0, DJ96.1, DJ98.2, DJ98.3.
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